1. 新疆水利水电科学研究院,新疆,乌鲁木齐,830049
2. 中国科学院 新疆生态与地理研究所, 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆,乌鲁木齐,830011
纸质出版:2022
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加孜拉, 苏里坦, 白云岗. 不同水分处理对北疆枸杞植株生长与产量的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(1):99-105.
Jiazila, Sulitan, Bai Yungang. Effects of Different Water Treatments on Plant Growth and Yield of Lycium Barbarum in Northern Xinjiang[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(1): 99-105.
加孜拉, 苏里坦, 白云岗. 不同水分处理对北疆枸杞植株生长与产量的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(1):99-105. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.01.014.
Jiazila, Sulitan, Bai Yungang. Effects of Different Water Treatments on Plant Growth and Yield of Lycium Barbarum in Northern Xinjiang[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(1): 99-105. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.01.014.
[目的
]
探索适宜北疆枸杞栽培的适宜灌溉制度,为该地区今后枸杞灌溉提供科学的依据。[方法
]
测定了枸杞株高、茎粗、冠幅、耗水量和产量,分析了不同灌水定额和不同灌水频率对枸杞生长和产量的影响。[结果
]
①枸杞株高随着灌水量的增加而增加;②枸杞茎粗年净增长量随着灌水量的增加而增加,当灌水量增大到一定程度时茎粗增幅变小;③枸杞各生育阶段耗水强度表现为:结果期>开花期>春梢生长期>秋梢生长期>萌芽至展叶期;枸杞耗水量与产量、耗水量与水分利用效率WUE的关系均呈二次抛物线关系;④当耗水量从583 mm增加到676 mm时,枸杞产量从12 703.5 kg/hm
2
提高到14 200.5 kg/hm
2
。与此同时,枸杞水分利用效率从1.45 kg/mm减少到1.46 kg/mm,并没有发生明显的降低。[结论
]
从节水和高产的角度考虑,推荐北疆地区枸杞适宜灌溉制度为:枸杞全生育期灌溉定额为5 700 m
3
/hm
2
,每次灌水定额为570 m
3
/hm
2
,灌水次数为10次,萌芽期—展叶期灌水1次,春梢生长期灌水2次,现蕾—开花期灌水1次,结果期灌水4次,秋梢生长期灌水2次。
[Objective] The irrigation system suitable for the cultivation of Lycium barbarum in Northern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was studied to provide a scientific basis for the future irrigation of L. barbarum in this area. [Methods] The plant height
stem thickness
crown width
water consumption
and yield of L. barbarum were monitored
and the effects of different irrigation amounts and irrigation frequencies on the growth and yield of drip-irrigated L. barbarum were analyzed. [Results] ① Plant height of drip-irrigated L. barbarum increased with increasing irrigation amount annually. ② Annual net growth of drip-irrigated L. barbarum stem thickness increased with increasing irrigation amount. When the irrigation amount increased to a certain value
the increase in stem thickness decreased. ③ The water consumption intensity of drip-irrigated L. barbarum in each growth period followed the order of fruiting stage>bloom stage>spring shoot growth stage>autumn shoot growth stage> leaf opening stage. The relationship between water consumption and yield and between water consumption and water use efficiency (WUE) of drip-irrigated L. barbarum followed a quadratic parabolic relationship. ④ When water consumption increased from 583 mm to 676 mm
yield of drip-irrigated L. barbarum increased from 12 703.5 kg/hm2 to 14 200.5 kg/hm2. At the same time
WUE of drip-irrigated L. barbarum dereased from 1.45 kg/mm to 1.46 kg/mm
it did not decrease significantly. [Conclusion] In order to save water and produce high yields
we recommend drip-irrigated L. barbarum grown in the study area be provided with 5 700 m3/hm2 of irrigation water over the entire growing season
applied as 10 irrigations of 570 mm during each application. The 10 irrigations should be applied as one irrigation during the leaf opening stage
two irrigations during the spring shoot growth stage
one irrigation during the bloom stage
four irrigations during the fruiting stage
and two irrigations during the autumn shoot growth stage.
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