自然冻融条件下黄土丘陵区不同土地利用方式原状土的抗冲性

柏兰峰; 李占斌; 马波; 肖列

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.01.007

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自然冻融条件下黄土丘陵区不同土地利用方式原状土的抗冲性

试验研究

- 自然冻融条件下黄土丘陵区不同土地利用方式原状土的抗冲性
- Scourability of Undisturbed Soils of Different Land Use Types in Loess Hilly Region Under Natural Freezing and Thawing Conditions
- 水土保持通报 2022年42卷第1期页码：49-55
- 作者机构：
  
  中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金面上项目“黄土高原冻融对水蚀过程作用机理研究”(41771311)，“尼罗河上游丘陵区水土保持与高产高效农业研究”(41561144011);中国科学院西部之光人才计划(XAB2016B08);西北农林科技大学大学生创新训练项目“冻融交替对土壤抗蚀性影响研究”(S202010712569)资助
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.01.007
  中图分类号： S157.1;TU111.2
- 纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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柏兰峰, 李占斌, 马波, 等. 自然冻融条件下黄土丘陵区不同土地利用方式原状土的抗冲性[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(1):49-55.

Bo Lanfeng, Li Zhanbin, Ma Bo, et al. Scourability of Undisturbed Soils of Different Land Use Types in Loess Hilly Region Under Natural Freezing and Thawing Conditions[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(1): 49-55.
柏兰峰, 李占斌, 马波, 等. 自然冻融条件下黄土丘陵区不同土地利用方式原状土的抗冲性[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022,42(1):49-55. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.01.007.

Bo Lanfeng, Li Zhanbin, Ma Bo, et al. Scourability of Undisturbed Soils of Different Land Use Types in Loess Hilly Region Under Natural Freezing and Thawing Conditions[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2022, 42(1): 49-55. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2022.01.007.

摘要

[目的] 研究冻融对3种土地利用方式(坡耕地、草地和灌木地)土壤抗冲性的影响，旨在为黄土高原季节性冻融区植被恢复建设提供理论依据。[方法] 基于一系列野外自然冻融、野外监测和原状土冲刷试验，以确定冻融对3种土地利用方式土壤抗冲性的影响。[结果] ①相较于坡耕地，草地与灌木地的冻结程度更低，其中，灌木地冻结程度最低，抗冻性最好。②冻融作用不同程度地加剧了土壤流失，降低土体抗冲性，其中草地与灌木的抗冲系数AS(anti-scouribility)明显高于坡耕地，说明在冻融条件下植被覆盖能够有效提升土体抗冻性及土壤抗冲能力。③在草地和灌木地中，冻融前后草地和灌木地的泥沙总流失量增加了31%和16.5%，抗冲系数分别下降了23%和14%，草地在冻融过程中泥沙流失的增加量更高，抗冲系数下降幅度最大。[结论] 在季节性冻融过程中，草地冻结程度更剧烈，抗冲性更差，草地在季节性冻融过程中可能存在更高水土流失风险。

Abstract

[Objective] The effects of freezing and thawing on soil erosion resistance of three land use types (sloping farmland

grassland

and shrub land) were studied in order to provide a theoretical basis for vegetation restoration and construction in the seasonal freezing and thawing area of the Loess Plateau. [Methods] Based on a series of natural freezing and thawing cycles

field monitoring

and undisturbed soil scouring tests

the effects of freezing and thawing on soil erosion resistance of the three aforementioned land use types were determined. [Results] ① Compared with sloping farmland

the degree of freezing for grassland and shrub land was lower

and with shrub land having the lowest freezing degree and the best frost resistance. ② Freezing and thawing aggravates soil loss in varying degrees and reduces soil erosion resistance. The anti-scourability coefficient of grassland and shrub land was significantly higher than that of sloping farmland

indicating that vegetation coverage can effectively improve frost resistance and anti-scourability of soil under freeze-thaw conditions. ③ The total sediment loss before and after freezing and thawing for grassland and shrub land increased by 31% and 16.5%

respectively

and the anti-scourability coefficient decreased by 23% and 14%. The increase of sediment loss in grassland during freezing and thawing was higher

and the anti-scourability coefficient decreased the most. [Conclusion] Due to seasonal freezing and thawing of grassland and shrub land

the degree of grassland freezing is more severe

and the erosion resistance of grassland soil is worse than that of shrub land soil. Grassland may have a higher risk of soil erosion due to the seasonal freezing and thawing process.

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references

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