不同广藿香产区土壤中重金属污染特征及风险评价

丁隆真; 廖长丹; 王超; 叶力瑛; 胡清

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.06.013

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不同广藿香产区土壤中重金属污染特征及风险评价

试验研究

- 不同广藿香产区土壤中重金属污染特征及风险评价
- Pollution Characteristics and Risk Assessments of Heavy Metals in Soils of Different Pogostemon Cablin Production Areas
- 水土保持通报 2021年41卷第6期页码：89-97
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 南方科技大学环境科学与工程学院,广东,深圳,518055
  2. 南方科技大学商学院,广东,深圳,518055
  3. 南方科技大学工程技术创新中心(北京),北京,100083
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目“基于土壤特征的道地药材品质形成机制及产地溯源研究”（2020YFC1712700）。
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.06.013
  中图分类号： S31;X53
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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丁隆真, 廖长丹, 王超, 等. 不同广藿香产区土壤中重金属污染特征及风险评价[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(6):89-97.

Ding Longzhen, Liao Changdan, Wang Chao, et al. Pollution Characteristics and Risk Assessments of Heavy Metals in Soils of Different Pogostemon Cablin Production Areas[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(6): 89-97.
丁隆真, 廖长丹, 王超, 等. 不同广藿香产区土壤中重金属污染特征及风险评价[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(6):89-97. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.06.013.

Ding Longzhen, Liao Changdan, Wang Chao, et al. Pollution Characteristics and Risk Assessments of Heavy Metals in Soils of Different Pogostemon Cablin Production Areas[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(6): 89-97. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.06.013.

摘要

[目的] 探明广东和广西两省区不同产区的广藿香种植土壤中重金属污染特征及其风险，为广藿香的安全品质评价及其种植土壤的重金属污染防控提供科学依据。[方法] 协同采集两广代表性产区的广藿香植株及其根区土壤样品，测定铜、汞、砷、铅、镉、铬、镍和锌共8种重金属的全量和有效态含量。运用单因子污染指数法和Nemerow污染指数法，对比评价两广广藿香种植土壤中重金属的污染特征及风险等级。结合广藿香植株的重金属富集系数和广藿香植株中重金属含量与土壤中重金属含量间的相关性，阐明土壤中重金属污染对广藿香安全品质的影响。[结果] ①两广产区广藿香种植土壤的重金属污染均已达警戒线，且广西产区的广藿香种植土壤中重金属污染程度比广东产区的更高。广藿香种植土壤中镉的污染覆盖产地最广，平均单因子污染指数最大（0.95），需引起重视。②两广地区的广藿香植株中重金属含量均低于《中国药典》的限量值，总体情况安全。③广藿香对砷、汞、铜和铅的吸收能力弱，但易累积镉，且不受产地差异影响。广藿香茎比广藿香叶更容易富集镉。[结论] 控制镉有效态含量是广藿香产区土壤中重金属污染防控的重点。

Abstract

[Objective] The pollution characteristics and risk assessments of heavy metals in soils of different Pogostemon cablin production areas in Guangdong Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were analyzed

in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution.[Methods] The Pogostemon cablin and corresponding root zone soil in representative production areas were collected to analyze both of the total and available content of heavy metals

including Cu

Ni and Zn. The pollution characteristics and risk assessments of heavy metals in Guangdong and Guangxi were compared by methods of single-factor pollution risk index and Nemerow-factor pollution risk index. The enrichment coefficient of heavy metals together with the correlation of heavy metals in soil and Pogostemon cablin were investigated to expound the effects of soil heavy metals pollution on the safety of Pogostemon cablin.[Results] ① The risk of heavy metal pollution in the soils of Pogostemon cablin in both Guangdong and Guangxi have reached the warning level

while the heavy metal pollution in the soils of Pogostemon cablin in Guangxi is even higher than Guangdong. The Cd pollution of Pogostemon cablin soil is most widespread with the highest value (0.95) of the average single-factor risk index

which needs more attention. ② The overall situation is safe since the content of every heavy metal in Pogostemon cablin is lower than the corresponding limit value in the Chinese pharmacopoeia. ③ Pogostemon cablin has a weak ability to absorb As

Cu and Pb

but its stem tends to accumulate Cd which is not affected by soil differences. The accumulation of Cd in leaf is more evident compared with stem.[Conclusion] The prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in the soils of Pogostemon cablin production areas should focus on the control of available content of Cd.

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