宁东矿区天然植物群落特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系

丰菲; 许丽; 顾清敏; 刘莹; 杨宇平; 刘瑞瑶

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.06.008

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宁东矿区天然植物群落特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系

试验研究

- 宁东矿区天然植物群落特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系
- Characteristics of Natural Plant Community and Its Relationship with Soil Physi-Chemical Properties in Ningdong Mining Area
- 水土保持通报 2021年41卷第6期页码：48-56
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,内蒙古,呼和浩特,010018
  2. 荒漠生态系统保护与修复国家林业局重点实验室,内蒙古,呼和浩特,010018
  3. 国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司羊场湾煤矿,宁夏,银川,751409
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目“西北干旱荒漠区煤炭基地生态安全保障技术”（2017YFC0504400）;内蒙古重点专项“内蒙古典型矿区生态修复技术集成与示范”（2020ZD0020）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.06.008
  中图分类号： Q948;X173
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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丰菲, 许丽, 顾清敏, 等. 宁东矿区天然植物群落特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(6):48-56.

Feng Fei, Xu Li, Gu Qingmin, et al. Characteristics of Natural Plant Community and Its Relationship with Soil Physi-Chemical Properties in Ningdong Mining Area[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(6): 48-56.
丰菲, 许丽, 顾清敏, 等. 宁东矿区天然植物群落特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(6):48-56. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.06.008.

Feng Fei, Xu Li, Gu Qingmin, et al. Characteristics of Natural Plant Community and Its Relationship with Soil Physi-Chemical Properties in Ningdong Mining Area[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(6): 48-56. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.06.008.

摘要

[目的] 研究宁东矿区天然植物群落特征与土壤理化性质的关系，为宁东矿区植被重建过程中植物种的选择提供科学依据。[方法] 以宁东矿区6种典型的天然植物群落和土壤为研究对象，采用野外调查结合室内试验的方法，对比分析不同群落的植物群落特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系。[结果] 宁东矿区6种天然植物群落共调查到植物55种，隶属于15科48属，集中分布于菊科、豆科、藜科和禾本科4科。细枝岩黄耆（Hedysarum scoparium）+柠条锦鸡儿（Caragana korshinskii）—白莲蒿（Artemisia sacrorum）群落灌木层植被盖度和高度在6个群落中均最高，其数值分别为48%和202.54 cm，灌木物种柠条锦鸡儿在其中5个群落中均有分布且生长良好。灌木层Patrick丰富度指数与土壤碱解氮、砾石含量、速效钾和有机质呈正相关，与pH值呈负相关；草本层植物种Patrick丰富度指数与土壤有机质、田间持水量和速效磷呈正相关关系。[结论] 宁东矿区煤矸石山植被重建时，对于覆土土质为壤质砂土或砂质壤土，优先选择柠条锦鸡儿、细枝岩黄耆、黑沙蒿（Artemisia ordosica）和沙拐枣（Calligonum mongolicum）等灌木树种；覆土土质为少砾质砂土时选沙冬青（Ammopiptanthus mongolicus）和柠条锦鸡儿；覆土土质为多砾质砂土时可选藏锦鸡儿（Caragana tibetica）、裸果木（Gymnocarpos przewalskii）和胡枝子（Lespedeza bicolor）等灌木物种。土壤容重对灌木物种多样性贡献率较大，土壤田间持水量和有机质对草本植物多样性贡献率较大。

Abstract

[Objective] The relationship between natural plant community characteristics and soil physi-chemical factors in Ningdong mining area was studied

in order to provide basis for the selection of plant species for vegetation reconstruction in Ningdong mining area.[Methods] Six typical natural plant communities and soils in Ningdong mining area were taken as the research objects

and field investigation combined with indoor experiment were conducted to compare and analyze the plant community characteristics of different communities and their relationship with soil physi-chemical properties.[Results] A total of 55 plant species were found in 6 natural plant communities of Ningdong mining area

which belong to 15 families and 48 genera. They were concentrated in 4 families

such as Compositae

Leguminosae

Chenopodiaceae and Gramineae. The vegetation coverage and height of shrub layer in the Hedysarum scoparium+ Caragana korshinskii-Artemisia sacrorum community were the highest among the 6 communities

with values of 48% and 202.54 cm

respectively. Caragana korshinskii

a shrub species

was distributed in 5 of 6 communities

with a good growth. Patrick richness index of shrub layer was positively correlated with soil alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen

gravel content

available potassium and organic matter

and negatively correlated with pH value. Patrick richness index of herbaceous plant species was positively correlated with soil organic matter

field water holding capacity and available phosphorus.[Conclusion] Shrub species such as Caragana korshinskii

Hedysarum scoparium

Artemisia ordosica and Calligonum mongolicum should be preferred in vegetation reconstruction of coal gangue hill in Ningdong mining area when the soil cover is loamy sand or sandy loam; Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and Caragana korshinskii should be preferred when the soil cover is sandy soil with less gravel; shrub species such as Caragana tibetica

Gymnokarpos przewalskii and Lespedeza bicolor can be selected when the soil cover is sandy soil with a large amount of gravel. Soil bulk density had a greater contribution rate to shrub species diversity

and soil field water holding capacity and organic matter had a greater contribution rate to herbaceous plant diversity.

关键词

Keywords

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