吉兰泰盐湖防护体系的防风阻沙效应

管雪薇; 汪季; 党晓宏; 丁延龙; 冯亚亚; 梁钰镁

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.05.008

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

吉兰泰盐湖防护体系的防风阻沙效应

试验研究

- 吉兰泰盐湖防护体系的防风阻沙效应
- Windbreak and Sand-blocking Effects of Jilantai Salt Lake Protection System
- 水土保持通报 2021年41卷第5期页码：51-59
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,内蒙古,呼和浩特,010019
  2. 内蒙古杭锦荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 内蒙古杭锦旗,017400
  3. 内蒙古财经大学旅游学院,内蒙古,呼和浩特,010070
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划“绿洲、盐碱湖区沙害防治关键技术研究与示范”（2016YFC0501003）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.05.008
  中图分类号： S714.7;S727.2
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
管雪薇, 汪季, 党晓宏, 等. 吉兰泰盐湖防护体系的防风阻沙效应[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(5):51-59.

Guan Xuewei, Wang Ji, Dang Xiaohong, et al. Windbreak and Sand-blocking Effects of Jilantai Salt Lake Protection System[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(5): 51-59.
管雪薇, 汪季, 党晓宏, 等. 吉兰泰盐湖防护体系的防风阻沙效应[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(5):51-59. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.05.008.

Guan Xuewei, Wang Ji, Dang Xiaohong, et al. Windbreak and Sand-blocking Effects of Jilantai Salt Lake Protection System[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(5): 51-59. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.05.008.

摘要

[目的] 定量描述防护体系防风阻沙能力及地表蚀积变化，揭示盐湖防护体系的防风阻沙作用规律，为吉兰泰盐湖防护体系防护效果评估提供数据支撑，为中国西北风沙区及荒漠盐湖沙害治理提供理论依据。[方法] 选择吉兰泰盐湖防护体系为研究对象，通过野外原位监测，对3，10月两场典型强风沙尘天气下不同下垫面0—30 cm高度内输沙以及逐月地表蚀积情况进行观测。[结果] ①2 m高度处风速由流动沙垄到盐湖湖心表现为衰减—急剧衰减—恢复阶段，到盐湖湖心时风速恢复至旷野风速。从白刺灌丛至盐碱滩地风速均较流动沙垄降低了70%～90%。②从白刺灌丛至盐湖湖心输沙量呈现为急剧降低—降低—缓慢增加的状态，整体较流动沙垄降低了83.89%～94.90%。③防护体系对两种主害风的防风阻沙效果明显，其风速及输沙量分别较流动沙垄降低了98.71%，91.79%，且西北风向下的防风阻沙效果优于西南风向。④6—9月白刺灌丛至盐湖湖心地表呈现为风积状态，且净蚀积强度较流动沙垄最高可降低157.04%。[结论] 虽然受季节和风向影响，但防护体系防风阻沙效果仍保持较好状态，它对风沙流的阻滞作用使地表由风蚀转为堆积，并使风速及输沙量均降低了90%以上，从而有效避免盐湖湖面积沙。

Abstract

[Objective] The ability of a salt lake protection system to protect against wind and sand damage quantitatively and the changes to surface erosion and deposition induced by the system were described in order to reveal the wind-proof and sand-resistant action law of the protection system. The purpose of this study is to provide data support for the evaluation of the protection effect of the Jilantai Salt Lake protection system

and to provide a theoretical basis for sand damage control in the sandstorm area and desert salt lake in Northwest China.[Methods] The Jilantai Salt Lake protection system was chosen as the research object. Sand transporting (at 0-30 cm height) and surface erosion sediment intensity (monthly) were observed in situ by field positioning monitoring in different parts of the Jilantai Salt Lake protection system.[Results] ① The wind speed at 2 m height from the moving sand ridge to the center of the salt lake passed through three phases (attenuation

rapid attenuation

recovery). The wind speed from the Nitraria tangutorum shrub to the saline-alkali beach decreased by 70%~90% compared with the moving sand ridge. ② The sediment discharge from N. tangutorum to the center of the salt lake passed through three states (sharp decrease-decrease-slow increase)

and was 83.89%~94.90% lower than the sediment discharge of the moving sand ridge. ③ The effect of the protection system on wind prevention and sand resistance from the two main harmful wind periods was obvious. Wind speed and sediment discharge decreased by 98.71% and 91.79%

respectively

compared with the moving sand ridge. In addition

the effect on wind and sediment prevention for the northwest wind direction was better than that for the southwest wind direction. ④ The surface showed sedimentation from N. tangutorum to the center of the salt lake from June to September

and the net erosion intensity could be reduced by up to a maximum of 157.04% compared with the moving sand ridge.[Conclusion] Although the protection system was affected by season and wind direction

the windbreak and sand-blocking effects still maintained a good state

and its blocking effect on wind-sand flow can change the state of the surface from wind erosion to sedimentation

thereby reducing wind speed and sediment discharge by more than 90%

and thus effectively avoiding sand accumulation on the salt lake surface.

关键词

Keywords

references

杨彩红, 冯福学, 柴强, 等.小麦玉米田耕作模式的防风蚀效果[J].中国沙漠, 2019, 39(4):9-15.

李胜龙, 李和平, 林艺, 等.东北地区不同耕作方式农田土壤风蚀特征[J].水土保持学报, 2019, 33(4):110-118, 220.

边凯, 高君亮, 辛智鸣, 等.乌兰布和沙漠东北缘绿洲防护林体系防风阻沙能力研究[J].首都师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 42(1):48-53.

Zhang Chen, McBean E A. Estimation of desertification risk from soil erosion:A case study for Gansu Province, China[J]. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 2016, 30(8):2215-2229.

管雪薇, 汪季, 丁延龙, 等.吉兰泰盐湖防风固沙林体系土壤理化性状特征[J].水土保持学报, 2019, 33(5):114-120.

李银科, 李菁菁, 周兰萍, 等.民勤绿洲灌区保护性耕作对土壤风蚀与土壤物理性质的影响[J].土壤, 2020, 52(6):1306-1311.

高永.吉兰泰盐湖环境演化及沙害成因[J].干旱区研究, 1996, 13(4):54-56, 66.

岳涛, 高世场, 夏树屏.吉兰泰盐湖沙漠化及其治理的遥感监测研究[J].盐湖研究, 2000, 8(2):1-5.

丁延龙, 汪季, 胡生荣, 等.吉兰泰盐湖风沙防护林体系建立35 a以来防沙效益评估[J].中国沙漠, 2019, 39(5):111-119.

杨越, 杨依天, 武智勇, 等.冀北坝上地区农田防护林防风固沙效应研究[J].西北林学院学报, 2020, 35(4):167-172.

孙浩, 刘丽娟, 李小玉, 等.干旱区绿洲防护林网格局对农田蒸散量的影响:以新疆三工河流域绿洲为例[J].生态学杂志, 2018, 37(8):2436-2444.

韦立伟.几种典型沙生灌木防护林防风效果研究[D].北京:北京林业大学, 2011.

余沛东, 陈银萍, 李玉强, 等.植被盖度对沙丘风沙流结构及风蚀量的影响[J].中国沙漠, 2019, 39(5):29-36.

Jia Honglei, Wang Gang, Guo Li, et al. Wind erosion control utilizing standing corn residue in Northeast China[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2015, 153:112-119.

解云虎.荒漠-绿洲过渡带防护体系构建及其防风阻沙效益研究[D].内蒙古呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学, 2020.

王翠, 雷加强, 李生宇, 等.和田地区绿洲外围农田防护林带的防护效益[J].水土保持通报, 2014, 34(1):98-103, 122.

詹科杰.民勤荒漠绿洲过渡带白刺灌丛沙堆表面风沙输运特征与沙堆形成发育的关系研究[D].甘肃兰州:兰州大学, 2016.

凌智永, 陈亮, 芦宝良, 等.柴达木盆地盐湖周边灌丛沙丘微量元素特征与环境意义[J].盐湖研究, 2018, 26(3):35-43.

杨宁宁.察尔汗盐湖周边风沙沉积物粒度和重矿物特征[D].陕西西安:陕西师范大学, 2012.

鲍锋.柴达木盆地察尔汗盐湖地区风沙地貌发育环境与过程[D].陕西西安:陕西师范大学, 2016.

春喜, 王宗礼, 夏敦胜, 等.吉兰泰盐湖的形成及指示的环境意义[J].盐湖研究, 2008, 16(3):11-18.

Guo Zhonglin, Chang Chunping, Wang Rende, et al. Comparison of different methods to determine wind-erodible fraction of soil with rock fragments under different tillage/management[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2017, 168:42-49.

张帅, 丁国栋, 高广磊, 等.基于数学期望的风向和风速对农田防护林网防风效能的影响[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 57(4):510-516.

丁延龙.白刺灌丛沙堆演化对地表蚀积的影响及其作用机制[D].内蒙古呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学, 2019.

乌拉, 张国庆, 辛智鸣.单个天然灌丛防风阻沙机理与效应[J].内蒙古林业科技, 2008, 34(2):36-39.

易丹青, 陈丽勇, 刘会群, 等.硬质合金电化学腐蚀行为的研究进展[J].硬质合金, 2012, 29(4):238-253.

浏览量

1049

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

生物基可降解聚乳酸沙障的蚀积特征

基于CiteSpace的中国荒漠植物多样性研究现状与热点分析

不同雨强和坡度下新安江流域典型土壤坡面的产流产沙特征

微生物-生物炭改良盐碱土互作机制研究进展

基于景观连通性优化的坝上地区张家口段生态安全格局构建