1. 河北省地质环境监测院,河北,石家庄,050000
2. 河北省地质资源环境监测与保护重点实验室,河北,石家庄,050000
3. 华北理工大学 矿业工程学院,河北,唐山,063210
4. 河北省矿区生态修复产业技术研究院,河北,唐山,063210
5. 防灾科技学院 应急管理学院,河北,廊坊,065201
纸质出版:2021
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刘硕, 李小光, 宋建伟, 等. 长山沟露天矿集中区土地利用时空变化的遥感监测与分析[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(4):121-127.
Liu Shuo, Li Xiaoguang, Song Jianwei, et al. Remote Sensing Monitoring and Analysis of Spatiotemporal Changes in Changshangou Open Pit Mine Concentration Area[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(4): 121-127.
刘硕, 李小光, 宋建伟, 等. 长山沟露天矿集中区土地利用时空变化的遥感监测与分析[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(4):121-127. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.04.017.
Liu Shuo, Li Xiaoguang, Song Jianwei, et al. Remote Sensing Monitoring and Analysis of Spatiotemporal Changes in Changshangou Open Pit Mine Concentration Area[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(4): 121-127. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.04.017.
[目的
]
分析露天矿集中区土地利用时空变化特征,为开展露天矿区生态环境监测提供科学参考。[方法
]
以河北省唐山市长山沟露天矿集中区为研究对象,基于2003,2010,2015和2019年4期Google Earth影像,进行土地利用遥感分类,使用ArcGIS软件计算土地利用转移矩阵,分析露天矿集中区土地利用时空变化特征及原因。[结果
]
①2003—2015年,研究区内绿地面积减少了169.61 hm
2
,占总面积的6.30%,裸地和工业场地面积分别增加了184.73和60.46 hm
2
,占总面积的6.86%和2.25%;部分耕地被占用;在空间上以绿地转为裸地和工业场地为主。②2015—2019年,研究区内绿地面积减少了61.05 hm
2
,占总面积的2.27%,工业场地面积增加了43.90 hm
2
,占总面积的1.63%,其他地类面积变化不大;空间上绿地与裸地和工业场地相互转化,总面积变化不大。[结论
]
露天矿集中区开采前期大量绿地被占用,植被破坏与土地资源占用现象较为严重,生态环境受到了严重的影响。开采后期由于加强了矿山生态修复治理,“边开采,边治理”模式的治理效果已初步体现。
[Objective] The spatiotemporal characteristics of land use changes were studied to provide scientific reference for carrying out ecological and environmental monitoring in concentration area of open pit mine. [Methods] Based on Google Earth images in 2003
2010
2015 and 2019
the land use remote sensing classification was carried out in Changshangou open-pin mine concentration area in Tangshan City
Hebei Province. The land use transfer matrix was calculated by using ArcGIS software
and the spatio-temporal characteristics and causes of land use change in the open-pin mine concentration area were analyzed. [Results] ① From 2003 to 2015
the area of greenland in the study area decreased by 169.61 hm2
accounting for 6.30% of the total area
and the area of bare land and industrial sites increased by 184.73 hm2 and 60.46 hm2
accounting for 6.86% and 2.25% of the total area
respectively; some arable land was occupied; spatially
greenland was mainly converted to bare land and industrial sites. ② From 2015 to 2019
the area of greenland in the study area decreased by 61.05 hm2
accounting for 2.27% of the total area
and the area of industrial sites increased by 43.90 hm2
accounting for 1.63% of the total area
with little changes in the area of other land use types; spatially greenland was transformed into bare land and industrial sites
with little change of the total area. [Conclusion] In the early stage of mining
a large amount of green land was occupied in the open pit mine
the vegetation destruction and land resource occupation was serious
and the ecological environment was seriously affected. At the late stage of mining
the ecological restoration and treatment of the mine were strengthened
and the effect of “management while mining” mode was initially achieved.
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