藻菌混合结皮对土壤水肥保持及玉米幼苗生长的影响

陆贺港; 任梦楠; 黄海东

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.04.011

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藻菌混合结皮对土壤水肥保持及玉米幼苗生长的影响

试验研究

- 藻菌混合结皮对土壤水肥保持及玉米幼苗生长的影响
- Effects of Cyanobacteria-bacteria Biological Crusts on Soil Moisture and Nutrient Conservation and Maize Seedling Growth
- 水土保持通报 2021年41卷第4期页码：77-82
- 作者机构：
  
  天津农学院农学与资源环境学院,天津,300392
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  天津农学院研究生培养质量提升项目“藻菌生物结皮对土壤水肥保持及作物生长的影响”（2017YPY017）;国家自然科学基金项目（31571790）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.04.011
  中图分类号： S513;S157.2
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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陆贺港, 任梦楠, 黄海东. 藻菌混合结皮对土壤水肥保持及玉米幼苗生长的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(4):77-82.

Lu Hegang, Ren Mengnan, Huang Haidong. Effects of Cyanobacteria-bacteria Biological Crusts on Soil Moisture and Nutrient Conservation and Maize Seedling Growth[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(4): 77-82.
陆贺港, 任梦楠, 黄海东. 藻菌混合结皮对土壤水肥保持及玉米幼苗生长的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(4):77-82. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.04.011.

Lu Hegang, Ren Mengnan, Huang Haidong. Effects of Cyanobacteria-bacteria Biological Crusts on Soil Moisture and Nutrient Conservation and Maize Seedling Growth[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(4): 77-82. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.04.011.

摘要

[目的] 研究藻菌混合结皮对土壤水肥保持及玉米幼苗生长的影响，为土壤治理与改良策略提供理论依据。[方法] 使用来自内蒙古翁牛特沙漠的2种产胞外多糖的细菌（Sphingomonas sp.D3-1和Massilia armeniaca sp.ZMN-3）和2种藻类（Cladophora aegagrophila D3-a和Nostoc sphaeroides0 D3-25）制备成藻菌混合剂后，喷洒至土壤表面，形成土壤结皮。研究藻菌混合结皮与土壤水肥保持、微生物数量及酶活性的关系，及其对玉米幼苗的影响。[结果] 与对照相比，藻菌混合结皮明显延缓了土壤水分的流失速度，并使氮、磷和钾的平均淋失效率分别减少了76.9%，64.4%和47.8%，土壤中的细菌、真菌和放线菌数量分别增加了8.3，1.8和3.1倍，芽孢杆菌的数量下降了12.4%。另外，在玉米盆栽中，藻菌混合结皮使玉米幼苗的地上部鲜/干重、根部鲜/干重和地上/下部长度分别提升30.0%/55.6%，55.4%/38.5%和16.5%/18.0%，叶绿素含量增加15.0%。[结论] 藻类与产胞外多糖的细菌共同形成的藻菌混合结皮，明显改善了土壤的水肥保持效果，可作为治理土壤的新途径加以推广。

Abstract

[Objective] The effects of cyanobacteria-bacteria biological crusts on moisture and nutrient conservation and maize seedling growth were studied to provide a theoretical basis for soil treatment and improvement strategies. [Methods] Two species of bacteria (Sphingomonas sp. D3-1 and Massilia armeniaca sp. ZMN-3) and two species of cyanobacteria (Cladophora aegagrophila D3-a and Nostoc sphaeroides D3-25) isolated from the Wengniute Desert of Inner Mongolia Region

were used to prepare biological crusts. The relationships between the cyanobacteria-bacteria biological crusts and soil moisture and nutrient conservation

soil microbial quantity and soil enzyme activity were explored

and the effect of biological crusts on maize seedling growth was studied. [Results] Compared with the control

the soil surface cyanobacteria-bacteria crust significantly declined the rate of soil moisture loss

and reduced the average leaching efficiency of nitrogen

phosphorus and potassium by 76.9%

64.4% and 47.8%

respectively

while increased the number of bacteria

fungi and actinomycetes in soil by 8.3 times

1.8 times and 3.1 times

respectively

and decreased the number of bacillus by 12.4%. Besides

in the corn plants

the cyanobacteria-bacteria crust increased the aboveground fresh/dry weight

root fresh/dry weight

and above/lower length of corn seedlings by 45%/57.8%

54.6%/32.8% and 19.7%/14.5%

respectively

and the chlorophyll content increased by 5.7%. [Conclusion] The mixed soil biological crust formed by cyanobacteria and extracellular polysaccharide producing bacteria significantly improved the soil microbial and fertilizer conservation effect

which could provide a reference for developing a new way of soil management.

关键词

Keywords

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