鲁中南花岗岩丘陵区坡耕地不同厚度土壤中优先流的发育特征

刘超; 姚光兴; 安娟; 吴元芝

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.04.004

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

鲁中南花岗岩丘陵区坡耕地不同厚度土壤中优先流的发育特征

试验研究

- 鲁中南花岗岩丘陵区坡耕地不同厚度土壤中优先流的发育特征
- Characteristics of Preferential Flow Development in Slope Cropland with Different Soil Thickness in Granite Hilly Region of Central and Southern Shandong Province
- 水土保持通报 2021年41卷第4期页码：25-32
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 临沂大学资源环境学院山东省水土保持与环境保育重点实验室,山东,临沂,276005
  2. 中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源环境学院,北京,10083
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  山东省自然科学基金项目“鲁中南花岗岩发育土壤剖面结构对典型人工林根系吸水来源的影响”（ZR2020MD102）;山东省大学生创新创业训练计划项目“鲁中南花岗岩弱发育土壤剖面结构对林地优先流发育的影响”（S201910452034）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.04.004
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
刘超, 姚光兴, 安娟, 等. 鲁中南花岗岩丘陵区坡耕地不同厚度土壤中优先流的发育特征[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(4):25-32.

Liu Chao, Yao Guangxing, An Juan, et al. Characteristics of Preferential Flow Development in Slope Cropland with Different Soil Thickness in Granite Hilly Region of Central and Southern Shandong Province[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(4): 25-32.
刘超, 姚光兴, 安娟, 等. 鲁中南花岗岩丘陵区坡耕地不同厚度土壤中优先流的发育特征[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(4):25-32. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.04.004.

Liu Chao, Yao Guangxing, An Juan, et al. Characteristics of Preferential Flow Development in Slope Cropland with Different Soil Thickness in Granite Hilly Region of Central and Southern Shandong Province[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(4): 25-32. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.04.004.

摘要

[目的] 研究不同土壤厚度条件下坡耕地优先流发育特征，为土层浅薄条件下坡耕地灌溉效率提高及面源污染防治提供依据。[方法] 以地处北方土石山区的山东省蒙阴县花岗岩丘陵区坡耕地为例，选取土层深度为30 cm和50 cm的样地，运用野外染色示踪试验法和室内图像处理技术，分析土层厚度对优先流发育特征的影响。[结果] 土壤厚度为30 cm和50 cm条件下平均基质入渗深度分别为11.8 cm和11.9 cm，两者没有显著差异，平均优先流比分别为28.2%和29.5%，两者也没有明显差异；土壤厚度为30 cm时，9.9 cm以上以基质入渗为主导，优先流发育深度范围为9.9—27.0 cm；土壤厚度为50 cm时，6.1 cm以上土层以基质入渗为主导，优先流发育深度范围为6.1—39.5 cm；土壤厚度为50 cm条件下优先流平均最大入渗深度为34.6 cm，平均长度指数为192%，平均变异系数为87.7%，均显著高于土壤厚度为30 cm时的数值；但两者平均最大入渗深度非均匀系数没有明显差异。[结论] 土壤层厚度差异不影响基质入渗，但会阻碍优先流向土壤深层的发育。

Abstract

[Objective] The development characteristics of preferential flow in slope farmland with different soil thicknesses were studied

in order to provide a basis for improving the irrigation efficiency and preventing and controlling the non-point source pollution. [Methods] The granite hilly slope cropland in Mengyin County

Shandong Province

which is located in the mountainous region of Northern China

was taken as an example. The samples with soil depth of 30 cm and 50 cm were selected

and the field staining tracer test method and indoor image processing technology were used to analyze the influence of soil thickness on the development characteristics of preferential flow. [Results] When the soil thickness was 30 cm and 50 cm

the average depth of substrate infiltration was 11.8 cm and 11.9 cm

respectively

and the average preferential flow ratio was 28.2% and 29.5%

respectively

there was no significant difference between the two depths. When the soil thickness was 30 cm

substrate flow was dominant in the soil layer above 9.9 cm

and the development depth of preferential flow ranged from 9.9 to 27.0 cm. When the soil thickness was 50 cm

matrix flow was dominant in the soil layer above 6.1 cm

and the development depth of preferential flow ranged from 6.1 cm to 39.5 cm. Under the condition of 50 cm soil thickness

the average maximum infiltration depth of preferential flow was 34.6 cm

the average length index was 192%

and the average coefficient of variation was 87.7%

which were significantly higher than those under the condition of 30 cm soil thickness. However

there was no significant difference in the non-uniformity coefficient of maximum infiltration depth between the two conditions. [Conclusion] The difference of soil layer thickness did not affect the substrate infiltration

but hindered the development of preferential flow to deep soil layer.

关键词

Keywords

references

Nimmo J R. Preferential flow occurs in unsaturated conditions[J]. Hydrological Processes, 2012, 26(5):786-789.

牛健植, 余新晓.优先流问题研究及其科学意义[J].中国水土保持科学, 2005, 3(3):110-116.

马田田, 柯浩成, 李占斌, 等. 次降雨事件下雨养区典型小流域土壤水分运移规律[J].水土保持学报, 2018, 32(2):80-86.

胡博, 王冬梅.农地非点源磷污染的优先流路径研究[J].亚热带水土保持, 2007, 19(2):16-19.

吕文星.三峡库区3种土地利用方式优先流特征及其对硝态氮运移的影响[D].北京:北京林业大学, 2013.

陈晓冰, 张洪江, 程金花, 等. 基于染色图像变异性分析的优先流程度定量评价[J].农业机械学报, 2015, 46(5):93-100.

吴庆华, 张家发, 蔺文静, 等. 土壤水流模式染色剂示踪及优先流程度评估[J].农业工程学报, 2014, 30(7):82-90.

Lee J, Horton R, Noborio K, et al. Characterization of preferential flow in undisturbed, structured soil columns using a vertical TDR probe[J]. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 2001, 51(3/4):131-144.

王红兰.紫色土耕地的大孔隙结构特征及优先流研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学, 2016.

田香姣, 程金花, 杜士才, 等. 2种土地利用方式下的优先流特征[J].水土保持学报, 2014, 28(3):37-41.

陈晓冰.重庆四面山4种土地利用类型土壤优先流特征研究[D].北京:北京林业大学, 2016.

阮芯竹, 程金花, 张洪江, 等. 重庆四面山不同林地土壤大孔隙特征及其影响因素[J].水土保持学报, 2015, 29(3):68-74, 80.

陈晓冰, 张洪江, 李世友, 等. 紫色砂岩区不同植被类型土壤优先流特征及其影响因素[J].中国水土保持科学, 2014, 12(6):42-49.

Bachmair S, Weiler M, Gunnar N. Controls of land use and soil structure on water movement:Lessons for pollutant transfer through the unsaturated zone[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2009, 369(3/4):241-252.

盛丰, 方妍, 张仁铎.运用染色示踪方法研究土壤质地对土壤水非均匀流运动特征的影响[J].土壤通报, 2012, 43(1):25-30.

张欣, 张洪江, 张福明, 等. 西南山区农地土壤前期含水量对优先流的影响[J].水土保持学报, 2014, 28(2):1-7.

高朝侠, 徐学选, 赵传普, 等. 土壤初始含水率对优先流的影响[J].中国水土保持科学, 2014, 12(1):46-54.

陈晓冰, 严磊, 陈廷速, 等. 西南岩溶区粉垄耕作和免耕方式下甘蔗地土壤优先流特征[J].水土保持学报, 2018, 32(4):58-66.

王发, 付智勇, 陈洪松, 等. 喀斯特洼地退耕和耕作土壤优先流特征[J].水土保持学报, 2016, 30(1):111-116.

李建华, 于兴修, 刘前进, 等. 沂蒙山区不同植被模式下坡耕花生地垄间水土流失与磷素输出[J].应用生态学报, 2012, 23(12):3347-3354.

马骞, 于兴修, 刘前进, 等. 沂蒙山区不同覆被棕壤理化特征对径流溶解态氮磷输出的影响[J].环境科学学报, 2011, 31(7):1526-1536.

van Schaik N. Spatial variability of infiltration patterns related to site characteristics in a semi-arid watershed[J]. Catena, 2009, 78(1):36-47.

Bargués T A, Reese H, Almaw A, et al. The effect of trees on preferential flow and soil infiltrability in an agroforestry parkland in semiarid Burkina Faso[J]. Water Resources Research, 2014, 30(7):3342-3354.

潘网生, 许玉凤, 卢玉东, 等. 基于非均匀性和分形维数的黄土优先流特征定量分析[J].农业工程学报, 2017, 33(3):140-147.

姚晶晶, 程金花, 张洪江, 等. 入渗水量对重庆四面山草地优先流影响的定量评价[J].水土保持学报, 2018, 32(2):45-51, 76.

张东旭, 张洪江, 程金花, 等. 基于多指标评价和分形维数的坡耕地优先流定量分析[J].农业机械学报, 2017, 48(12):214-220, 277.

戴翠婷, 刘窑军, 王天巍, 等. 三峡库区高砾石含量紫色土优先流形态特征[J].水土保持学报, 2017, 31(1):103-108.

时忠杰, 王彦辉, 徐丽宏, 等. 六盘山森林土壤的石砾对土壤大孔隙特征及出流速率的影响[J].生态学报, 2008, 28(10):4929-4939.

骆紫藤, 牛健植, 孟晨, 等. 华北土石山区森林土壤中石砾分布特征对土壤大孔隙及导水性质的影响[J].水土保持学报, 2016, 30(3):305-308.

王慧芳, 邵明安.田间含碎石土壤水分入渗及再分布试验研究[J].水土保持学报, 2009, 23(5):84-89.

张英虎, 牛健植, 韩旖旎, 等. 鹫峰地区林木根系和石砾对土壤水分运移速率的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境, 2014, 28(5):121-126.

Graham R C, Anderson M A, Sternberg P D, et al. Morphology, porosity, and hydraulic conductivity of weathered granitic bedrock and overlying soils[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1997, 61(2):516-522.

王文焰, 张建丰, 汪志荣, 等. 砂层在黄土中的减渗作用及其计算[J].水利学报, 2005, 36(6):650-655.

Flury M, Flühler H, Jury W A, et al. Susceptibility of soils to preferential flow of water:A field study[J]. Water Resources Research, 1994, 30(7):1945-1954.

付智勇.三峡库区不同厚度紫色土坡面水文过程及侵蚀响应[D].湖北武汉:华中农业大学, 2012.

程金花, 张洪江, 史玉虎.三峡库区花岗岩林地土壤特性与"优先路径"的关系[J].中国水土保持科学, 2005, 3(1):97-101.

浏览量

977

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

不同降雨条件下海南省典型农田土壤优先流特征及其对溶质运移的影响

长江三峡花岗岩坡面管流与渗流实验研究

长江三峡花岗岩地区优先流对渗流和地表径流的作用

柑橘地土壤大孔隙与优先流的关系研究

黄土斜坡优先流促滑机理研究现状及展望