红河干热河谷林草地红壤中优先流的形态分布特征

朱梦雪; 赵洋毅; 段旭; 王克勤; 万艳萍; 卢华兴; 邱砚海; 杜云祥

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.04.002

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红河干热河谷林草地红壤中优先流的形态分布特征

试验研究

- 红河干热河谷林草地红壤中优先流的形态分布特征
- Morphological Distribution Characteristics of Preferential Flow in Red Soil of Forest and Grassland in Arid and Hot Valley of Honghe River
- 水土保持通报 2021年41卷第4期页码：9-16
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西南林业大学生态与环境学院,云南,昆明,650224
  2. 国家林业和草原局云南玉溪森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,云南,昆明,650224
  3. 新平彝族傣族自治县水利局,云南,玉溪,653400
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（4206700,1860235）;云南省基础研究计划项目（202001AT070136）;云南省万人计划青年拔尖人才专项（YNWR-QNBJ-2019-215;YNWR-QNBJ-2019-226）;国家林草局林业科技创新平台运行项目：云南玉溪森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站（2020132078）;云南玉溪森林生态系统国家长期科研基地（2020132550）;云南省自然生态监测网络项目（2020-YN-13）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.04.002
  中图分类号： S714.2
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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朱梦雪, 赵洋毅, 段旭, 等. 红河干热河谷林草地红壤中优先流的形态分布特征[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(4):9-16.

Zhu Mengxue, Zhao Yangyi, Duan Xu, et al. Morphological Distribution Characteristics of Preferential Flow in Red Soil of Forest and Grassland in Arid and Hot Valley of Honghe River[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(4): 9-16.
朱梦雪, 赵洋毅, 段旭, 等. 红河干热河谷林草地红壤中优先流的形态分布特征[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(4):9-16. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.04.002.

Zhu Mengxue, Zhao Yangyi, Duan Xu, et al. Morphological Distribution Characteristics of Preferential Flow in Red Soil of Forest and Grassland in Arid and Hot Valley of Honghe River[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(4): 9-16. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.04.002.

摘要

[目的

]

在红河干热河谷地区开展优先流形态分布特征及与红壤特性关系的研究，为区域水资源管理和防治水土流失等工作提供理论依据。[方法

]

以干热河谷地区典型植被林地和荒草地为研究对象，采用野外染色示踪法并结合图像处理技术研究优先流的形态分布特征及对红壤特性响应。[结果

]

①林草地上层剖面平均染色面积分别为87.20%和91.97%，染色面积随土层的增加而减小，局部深度内染色面积出现反弹现象；林草地优先流长度指数分别为766.8%和730.0%，林地土壤优先流较荒草地发达；林草地的最大染色深度分别为40 cm和35 cm；②染色路径宽度随土层的增加而减小，0—20 cm土层内以大于250 mm的路径为主，20—40 cm内的染色路径在20—250 mm，而在40 cm以下的土层染色路径集中在20 mm以内；③优先流染色面积比、长度指数、染色路径宽度与土壤因子存在显著相关性，总孔隙度、有机质、含水率等对染色面积比（D

）、长度指数（LI）、染色路径宽度（SPW）累积贡献率分别为97.80%，86.95%，87.45%；含水率、有机质、容重、总孔隙度和Al

等因子与染色面积比、染色路径宽度呈最优线性关系。[结论

]

土壤的孔隙特性、盐基离子和土壤质地等的共同作用最终导致红河干热河谷林草地优先流的差异。

Abstract

[Objective] The preferential flow morphology and characteristics of red soil in the arid and hot valley of the Honghe River was studied

in order to provide theoretical basis for regional water resources management and soil erosion prevention. [Methods] Taking typical vegetation—woodlands and wild grasslands in arid and hot valley regions as the research objects

the morphological distribution characteristics of preferential flow and its response to the characteristics of read soil were studied by using field dye tracing method and image processing technology. [Results] ① The average stained area of forest and grassland was 87.2% and 91.97% respectively. The stained area decreased with the increase of soil layer

and rebounded in local depths. The preferential flow length index of forest and grassland was 766.8% and 730.0% respectively. And the priority flow of the forest was more developed than wasteland. The maximum staining depth of forest and grassland was 40 cm and 35 cm respectively. ② The width of the dyeing path decreases with the increase of the soil layer. In the 0—20 cm soil layer

the main dyeing path was greater than 250 mm. The dyeing path within 20—40 cm was mainly in the layer between 20—250 mm

and the dyeing path was less than 20 mm in the soil layer below 40 cm. ③ There were significant correlations between the priority flow dyeing area

length index

dyeing path width and soil factors. The cumulative contribution rate of total porosity

organic matter

and moisture content to dyeing area ratio (DA)

length index (LI) and dyeing path width (SPW) was 97.8%

86.95%

87.45%

respectively. The factors such as moisture content

organic matter

bulk density

total porosity and Al3+ had the best linear relationship with dyeing area and dyeing path. [Conclusion] The combined effects of soil pore characteristics

base ions

and soil texture ultimately led to the difference in preferential flow between forest and grassland in the arid and hot valley of the Honghe River.

关键词

Keywords

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