基于MCR模型的昆明市中心城区地表径流网络构建与分布特征研究

白天; 张敬丽; 易娇; 吴雅文

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.03.029

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基于MCR模型的昆明市中心城区地表径流网络构建与分布特征研究

试验研究

- 基于MCR模型的昆明市中心城区地表径流网络构建与分布特征研究
- Construction and Distribution Characteristics of Surface Runoff Network in Central Urban Area of Kunming City Based on MCR Model
- 水土保持通报 2021年41卷第3期页码：210-217
- 作者机构：
  
  云南农业大学园林园艺学院,云南,昆明,650201
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  云南省教育厅科学研究资助项目“高原城市雨洪格局时空分布及可视化研究：以昆明为例”（2020J0274）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.03.029
  中图分类号： P232;TP79
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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白天, 张敬丽, 易娇, 等. 基于MCR模型的昆明市中心城区地表径流网络构建与分布特征研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(3):210-217.

Bai Tian, Zhang Jingli, Yi Jiao, et al. Construction and Distribution Characteristics of Surface Runoff Network in Central Urban Area of Kunming City Based on MCR Model[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(3): 210-217.
白天, 张敬丽, 易娇, 等. 基于MCR模型的昆明市中心城区地表径流网络构建与分布特征研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(3):210-217. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.03.029.

Bai Tian, Zhang Jingli, Yi Jiao, et al. Construction and Distribution Characteristics of Surface Runoff Network in Central Urban Area of Kunming City Based on MCR Model[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(3): 210-217. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.03.029.

摘要

[目的] 探索城市雨洪空间格局的新思路，分析地表径流网络结构与时空分布特征，为海绵城市建设提供具有针对性的规划依据。[方法] 建立GIS数据库，将最小累积阻力（MCR）模型与空间自相关分析结合，定量分析云南省昆明市中心城区地表径流网络结构与空间格局。[结果] ①研究区域潜在地表径流受沿程阻力和局部阻力影响呈网状分布，共计1 274条，成本率为0.83，网络结构复杂，汇流过程具有显著方向性；②子汇水区径流连通阈值为19.16，重力大于阈值时汇水区间出现断流；③径流路径单元密度随子汇水区间重力增加而降低，6个不同重力条件下区域径流分布都呈显著聚集性，但随重力增加而递减，即汇水区之间重力越大越易产生汇流。[结论] MCR模型与空间自相关分析相结合能直观地反映不同降雨阶段地表径流汇流网络与分布特征。

Abstract

[Objective] The spatial patterns of urban rainwater were explored

and the network structure and temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of surface runoff of Kunming City were analyzed in order to provide a targeted planning basis for sponge city construction. [Methods] The structure and spatial pattern of a surface runoff network in the central urban area of Kunming City were quantitatively analyzed by using an established GIS database combined with the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model and spatial autocorrelation analysis. [Results] ① Potential surface runoff in the study area was affected by the influence of the lateral resistance and local resistance

with a total of 1 274 and a cost ratio was 0.83. Network structures were complex

and the confluence process had significant directionality. ② Runoff connectivity threshold of the sub-catchments was 19.16

and when gravity exceeded a threshold value

runoff among sub-catchments was interrupted. ③ Unit density of the runoff path decreased with increasing gravity among sub-catchments. Potential runoff distribution under six different gravity conditions all showed significant aggregation

but decreasing gradually with increasing gravity. The greater the gravity between sub-catchment areas

the more likely it is that confluence was produced. [Conclusion] The combination of the MCR model and spatial autocorrelation analysis can intuitively reflect the confluence network and distribution characteristics of surface runoff in different rainfall stages.

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