减施化肥和配施有机肥对酿酒葡萄梅鹿辄产量和品质的影响

马忠明; 陈娟; 牛小霞; 罗双龙

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.02.025

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减施化肥和配施有机肥对酿酒葡萄梅鹿辄产量和品质的影响

试验研究

- 减施化肥和配施有机肥对酿酒葡萄梅鹿辄产量和品质的影响
- Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction and Chemical Fertilizer Applied with Organic Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Vitis Vinifera Merlot
- 水土保持通报 2021年41卷第2期页码：188-193
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 甘肃省农业科学院,甘肃,兰州,730070
  2. 甘肃省农业科学院经济作物与啤酒原料研究所,甘肃,兰州,730070
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目“果树水肥一体化技术模式研究与应用”（2017YFD0201508）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.02.025
  中图分类号： S663.1
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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马忠明, 陈娟, 牛小霞, 等. 减施化肥和配施有机肥对酿酒葡萄梅鹿辄产量和品质的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(2):188-193.

Ma Zhongming, Chen Juan, Niu Xiaoxia, et al. Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction and Chemical Fertilizer Applied with Organic Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Vitis Vinifera Merlot[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(2): 188-193.
马忠明, 陈娟, 牛小霞, 等. 减施化肥和配施有机肥对酿酒葡萄梅鹿辄产量和品质的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(2):188-193. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.02.025.

Ma Zhongming, Chen Juan, Niu Xiaoxia, et al. Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction and Chemical Fertilizer Applied with Organic Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Vitis Vinifera Merlot[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(2): 188-193. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.02.025.

摘要

[目的

]

针对河西灌区土壤肥力贫瘠，酿酒葡萄产量与品质低下及无机氮肥过量施用造成的环境问题，通过探究有机氮替代部分无机氮肥对酿酒葡萄生长、产量及品质的影响，以确定酿酒葡萄适宜的有机无机氮肥配施用量。[方法

]

于2018年在甘肃省张掖市临泽县进行田间试验，采用随机区组设计，设6个处理：单施化肥（C），单施有机肥（O），70%化肥+有机肥（0.7 CO），50%化肥+有机肥（0.5 CO），30%化肥+有机肥（0.3 CO），不施肥（CK），探究不同有机无机肥配施对酿酒葡萄梅鹿辄（Merlot）生长、产量及品质的影响。[结果

]

有机肥替代部分化肥可使酿酒葡萄的产量与品质不同程度的改善，其中0.5 CO效果最优；在相同的有机肥施用量下，化肥减施50%有助于平衡酿酒葡萄营养生长与生殖生长；与CK与C处理相比，0.5 CO处理下，葡萄产量分别提高了120.76%和32.59%（p

0.05），果实可溶性固形物分别提高了46.72%和25.21%（p

0.05），还原糖含量分别提高了39.36%和37.46%（p

0.05），单宁含量分别提高了23.05%和39.06%（p

0.05），总酚含量分别提高了72.07%和54.77%（p

0.05），花色苷含量分别提高了44.42%和48.48%（p

0.05），糖酸比分别提高了50.42%和40.78%（p

0.05），总酸含量降低了33.96%和16.98%（p

0.05）。[结论

]

化肥减半配施有机肥（0.5 CO）既有效抑制酿酒葡萄的营养生长，又提高了葡萄产量和果实品质，在试验区的推荐施肥量为9 000 kg/hm

有机肥配施化肥（N 150 kg/hm

，P

135 kg/hm

及K

O 180 kg/hm

）。

Abstract

[Objectives] In order to solve the environmental problems caused by excessive application of chemical fertilizer in Hexi irrigation region

the effects of organic nitrogen replacing part of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer on the growth

yield and quality of wine grape were explored to determine the appropriate amount of organic-inorganic nitrogen fertilizer for wine grape.[Methods] A field experiment was conducted at Linze County

Zhangye City

Gansu Province in 2018. Six treatments were set up:no fertilization input as control (CK)

100% chemical fertilizer (C)

100% organic fertilizer (O)

30%

50% and 70% of the chemical fertilizer supplied by organic fertilizer

recorded as 0.7 CO

0.5 CO and 0.3 CO. The effects of different ratios of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth

yield and quality of Merlot were studied.[Results] The yield and quality of wine grape could be improved by replacing part of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer

and the effect of 0.5 CO was the best. Under the same amount of organic fertilizer

0.5 CO treatment could balance vegetation growth and reproductive growth. Compared with CK and C treatment

0.5 CO treatment increased the grape yield

fruit soluble solid content

sugar content

tannin content

total phenol content

anthocyanin content and the ratio of sugar to acid by 120.76% and 32.59%

46.72% and 25.21%

39.36% and 37.46%

23.05% and 39.06%

72.07% and 54.77%

44.42% and 48.48%

50.42% and 40.78% (p<0.05)

respectively

and the total acid content was decreased by 33.96% and 16.98% (p<0.05)

respectively.[Conclusion] Under the premise of reducing chemical fertilizer

half of chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer (0.5 CO) can not only effectively inhibite the vegetative growth of wine grape

but also improve the yield and fruit quality of wine grape. It is recommended that organic fertilizer (9 000 kg/hm2) combined with N of 150 kg/hm2

P2O5 135 kg/hm2 and K2O kg/hm2 should be adopted for wine grape cultivation in the study area.

关键词

Keywords

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