水生蔬菜对不同程度富营养化涝池水体的净化作用——以菠菜和水芹为例

张帅; 高照良; 赵莼; 周富宇; 李永红; 苏媛; 冯志倩

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.02.003

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水生蔬菜对不同程度富营养化涝池水体的净化作用——以菠菜和水芹为例

试验研究

- 水生蔬菜对不同程度富营养化涝池水体的净化作用——以菠菜和水芹为例
- Purification Effects of Water Storage Pond with Different Degrees of Eutrophication by Aquatic Vegetables—Taking Spinacia Oleracea and Oenanthe Javanica as Examples
- 水土保持通报 2021年41卷第2期页码：16-24
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌,712100
  3. 中国科学院大学,北京,100049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  “十三五”国家重点研发计划项目“沟道径流消能抗冲技术研究”（2016YFC0501706-02）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.02.003
  中图分类号： X52;X171.1
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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张帅, 高照良, 赵莼, 等. 水生蔬菜对不同程度富营养化涝池水体的净化作用——以菠菜和水芹为例[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(2):16-24.

Zhang Shuai, Gao Zhaoliang, Zhao Chun, et al. Purification Effects of Water Storage Pond with Different Degrees of Eutrophication by Aquatic Vegetables—Taking Spinacia Oleracea and Oenanthe Javanica as Examples[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(2): 16-24.
张帅, 高照良, 赵莼, 等. 水生蔬菜对不同程度富营养化涝池水体的净化作用——以菠菜和水芹为例[J]. 水土保持通报, 2021,41(2):16-24. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.02.003.

Zhang Shuai, Gao Zhaoliang, Zhao Chun, et al. Purification Effects of Water Storage Pond with Different Degrees of Eutrophication by Aquatic Vegetables—Taking Spinacia Oleracea and Oenanthe Javanica as Examples[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2021, 41(2): 16-24. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2021.02.003.

摘要

[目的

]

研究水生蔬菜对富营养化涝池水体的净化效果，为水生蔬菜等经济植物应用于西北农村地区富营养化封闭水体的生态修复提供新的思路和理论参考。[方法

]

以菠菜（Spinacia oleracea）和水芹（Oenanthe javanica）为试验材料，采用浮床栽培的方式，探讨水生蔬菜对3种不同程度富营养化涝池水体中的氮（N）、磷（P）的净化效果。[结果

]

①2种蔬菜修复富营养化涝池水体过程中各项N，P指标明显下降，试验结束后模拟涝池水体已基本上达到或优于地表水水质标准的Ⅴ类水标准，净化后的水体已经达到国家标准。②菠菜和水芹对水体中NH

-N，NO

-N，PO

-P的平均去除率分别为94.37%，96.66%，88.95%和97.27%，94.64%，83.48%，显著高于对照（p

0.05），对以上营养元素表现出良好的吸收效率，表明2种蔬菜可以高效净化富营养化涝池水体。③2种蔬菜对TN的去除率和日均去除速率随水体中TN浓度升高而上升，去除率和日均去除速率均为：菠菜

水芹；随TP浓度升高，菠菜对TP去除率降低，水芹对TP去除率升高，去除率和日均去除速率为：菠菜>水芹，说明水芹更适宜含高浓度N的富营养化涝池水体，菠菜更适用于含高浓度P的富营养化涝池水体。[结论

]

试验条件下，菠菜和水芹对3种程度富营养化水体中TN，TP的净化效果良好，2种蔬菜的吸收对水体净化起着重要作用。

Abstract

[Objective] The purification effects of aquatic vegetables on the eutrophication waterlogging pool were studied

in order to provide new ideas and theoretical reference for the application of aquatic vegetables and other economic plants to the ecological restoration of eutrophication closed water in rural areas of Northwest China.[Methods] Taking Spinacia oleracea and Oenanthe javanica as experimental materials

the floating bed cultivation method was used to explore the effect of two aquatic vegetables on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) of water in water storage pond with different degrees of eutrophication.[Results] ① The related indicators of N and P were significantly decreased with two aquatic vegetables in the process of purifying the eutrophic water. Eventually

the water body of simulated pond had basically reached or exceeded the surface water quality standard of class Ⅴ water

and the purified water had reached the national standard. ② The average removal rates of S. oleracea and O. javanica to NH4+-N

NO3--N and PO43--P in water bodies were 94.37%

96.66% and 88.95%; 97.27%

94.64% and 83.48%

respectively

which were significantly higher than the control group (p<0.05)

indicating that the two vegetables could efficiently recovery water from eutrophication. ③ The TN removal rate and average daily removal rate of two aquatic vegetables increased with the TN concentration

and showed that S. oleracea >O. javanica. With the TP concentration increasing

the TP removal rate of S. oleracea decreased

and the TP removal rate of O. javanica increased and showed that S. oleracea < O. javanica. It indicated that O. javanica was suitable for the eutrophic water with high N concentration

while S. oleracea was suitable for water with high P concentration.[Conclusion] Overall

S. oleracea and O. javanica have good absorption effects on TN and TP in three levels of eutrophic water bodies

and could play a vital role in water purification.

关键词

Keywords

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