青土湖人工输水区白刺群落结构及土壤特性研究

郭春秀; 安富博; 刘虎俊; 袁宏波; 刘淑娟; 刘开琳; 赵艳丽; 杜娟

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2019.06.007

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青土湖人工输水区白刺群落结构及土壤特性研究

试验研究

- 青土湖人工输水区白刺群落结构及土壤特性研究
- Community Structure and Soil Characteristics of Nitraria Tangutorum in Artificial Water Transfer Area of Qingtu Lake
- 水土保持通报 2019年39卷第6期页码：44-51
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治国家重点实验室,甘肃,武威,733000
  2. 甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外观测研究站, 甘肃民勤,733300
  3. 甘肃省治沙研究所,甘肃,兰州,730070
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（3146013,156012,176070,1860175）;甘肃省重点研发项目（17YF1FA113）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2019.06.007
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
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郭春秀, 安富博, 刘虎俊, 等. 青土湖人工输水区白刺群落结构及土壤特性研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2019,39(6):44-51.

Guo Chunxiu, An Fubo, Liu Hujun, et al. Community Structure and Soil Characteristics of Nitraria Tangutorum in Artificial Water Transfer Area of Qingtu Lake[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2019, 39(6): 44-51.
郭春秀, 安富博, 刘虎俊, 等. 青土湖人工输水区白刺群落结构及土壤特性研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2019,39(6):44-51. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2019.06.007.

Guo Chunxiu, An Fubo, Liu Hujun, et al. Community Structure and Soil Characteristics of Nitraria Tangutorum in Artificial Water Transfer Area of Qingtu Lake[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2019, 39(6): 44-51. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2019.06.007.

摘要

[目的] 对青土湖人工输水区白刺群落物种组成及土壤特性进行研究，以揭示研究区白刺灌丛生态系统的健康状况，为科学保育研究区灌丛沙堆以及生态恢复和防沙治沙工作提供科学依据。[方法] 通过野外植被调查和对距水面不同距离白刺沙堆的土壤理化特性进行分析研究。[结果] ①所调查群落中共有植物种18种，隶属6科17属，其中一年生草本8种，多年生草本6种，灌木植物4种，群落结构简单，物种相对单一。②距水面不同距离白刺群落0—60 cm土层土壤含水量，随着土层的加深呈现逐渐增加的趋势，随着距水面边缘距离的增加，白刺沙堆的土壤含水量逐渐降低，在200 m后趋于平稳；土壤机械组成主要以细砂粒为主，粗砂粒次之，黏粒含量相对较低；距水面0—100 m土层深度0—40 cm粗砂粒含量降低，黏粉粒含量较大。③青土湖人工输水区属于湖积沙区，土壤养分均属于严重缺乏，各养分含量均较低，且含量不均，土壤均处于偏碱性状态；土壤有机碳、全氮、速效钾含量表聚现象明显；距水面相同距离范围内土壤全磷、全钾、碱解氮和速效磷含量差异不显著（p>0.05），且随土层变化规律不明显。④有机碳含量与土壤全氮、全磷、速效钾、电导率之间呈显著正相关（p<0.05），电导率和全氮、全磷、速效钾之间呈极显著正相关（p<0.01），土壤有效养分含量与对应元素总含量相关性不显著（p>0.05）。[结论] 距青土湖水面不同距离植被群落结构简单，很多种为单属单科；水面形成区影响白刺沙堆土壤水分，增强细砂粒在近水面区域的沉降，土壤养分含量总体偏低，且含量不均，“表聚”现象明显。

Abstract

[Objective] The species composition and soil characteristics of Nitraria tangutorum community in the artificial water transfer area of Qingtu Lake was studied

in order to reveal the health status of shrub ecosystem in the study area

and to provide scientific basis for scientific protection of shrub sand pile

ecological restoration and desertification control in the study area.[Methods] Based on field vegetation survey

the physical and chemical properties of soil at different distance from water surface were studied.[Results] ① There were 18 species of plants belonged to 6 families and 17 genera in the investigated community

including 8 species of annual herbs

6 species of perennial herbs and 4 species of shrub plants. The community structure was simple. ② The soil moisture content in 0-60 cm soil layer at different distances from the water surface showed a gradual increase trend with the increase of soil depth. As the distances were increased from the edge of the water surface

the soil moisture content of Nitraria tangutorum sand pile decreased gradually and became stable after 200 m. The mechanical composition of soil was mainly fine sand and coarse sand

and clay particle content iwas relatively low. From the water surface 0-100 m

the content of coarse sand was decreased in the 0-40 cm soil layer and the clay power particle content was great. ③ The artificial water transfer area of Qingtu Lake belonged to the area of fluvial sand

which was seriously deficient in the soil nutrients. The contents of all nutrients were low and uneven

and the soil was in a status of alkalinity. The accumulation of soil organic carbon

total nitrogen and rapidly available potassium was obvious. Within the same distance from the water surface

the content of total phosphorus

total potassium

alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus showed no siginificant difference(p>0.05)

and the change was not obvious with the increase of soil depth. ④There was a positive correlation between organic carbon content and soil total nitrogen

total phosphorus

available potassium and electrical conductivity(p<0.05)

and there was a significant positive correlation between electrical conductivity and total nitrogen

total phosphorus and available potassium(p<0.01)

while there was no significant correlation between soil available nutrient content and the total content of corresponding elements(p>0.05).[Conclusion] The vegetation community structure with different distance from water surface is simple

and many species belong to single genus and single family. Water surface formation area affects the soil water content of Nitraria tangutorum sand pile

and enhances the settlement of fine sand particles in the area near water surface. Soil nutrient content is generally low and uneven

and the phenomenon of "surface accumulation" is obvious.

关键词

Keywords

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