陕北治沟造地工程对耕地分布及植被恢复的影响——以延安市顾屯流域为例

杜鹏川; 许强; 赵宽耀; 郭鹏; 彭双麒; 郭晨

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2019.06.001

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陕北治沟造地工程对耕地分布及植被恢复的影响——以延安市顾屯流域为例

试验研究

- 陕北治沟造地工程对耕地分布及植被恢复的影响——以延安市顾屯流域为例
- Impacts of Gully Reclamation Project on Cropland Distribution and Vegetation Restoration in North Shaanxi Province—A Case Study at Gutun Watershed of Yan’an City
- 水土保持通报 2019年39卷第6期页码：1-8
- 作者机构：
  
  成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,四川,成都,610059
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金重大项目“面向人地协调的黄土重大工程灾变防控研究”（41790445）;国家自然科学基金重点项目“溃散性滑坡成因机理、监测预警与定量风险评价”（41630640）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2019.06.001
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
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杜鹏川, 许强, 赵宽耀, 等. 陕北治沟造地工程对耕地分布及植被恢复的影响——以延安市顾屯流域为例[J]. 水土保持通报, 2019,39(6):1-8.

Du Pengchuan, Xu Qiang, Zhao Kuanyao, et al. Impacts of Gully Reclamation Project on Cropland Distribution and Vegetation Restoration in North Shaanxi Province—A Case Study at Gutun Watershed of Yan’an City[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2019, 39(6): 1-8.
杜鹏川, 许强, 赵宽耀, 等. 陕北治沟造地工程对耕地分布及植被恢复的影响——以延安市顾屯流域为例[J]. 水土保持通报, 2019,39(6):1-8. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2019.06.001.

Du Pengchuan, Xu Qiang, Zhao Kuanyao, et al. Impacts of Gully Reclamation Project on Cropland Distribution and Vegetation Restoration in North Shaanxi Province—A Case Study at Gutun Watershed of Yan’an City[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2019, 39(6): 1-8. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2019.06.001.

摘要

[目的] 研究陕北地区治沟造工程对耕地分布及植被恢复的影响，为同类地区耕地整治方向及优化布局提供科学参考。[方法] 以延安市顾屯流域为例，基于ENVI和ArcGIS，通过目视解译、核密度估计及NDVI对此展开相关研究。[结果] ①治沟造地工程后，耕地更集中分布于沟谷，耕地整体破碎度降低，耕地质量提高；②缓坡耕地比例增加，耕地结构得到优化，但陡坡耕地仍然占有一定的数量，需继续优化；③基于核密度分析，耕地质量高的中—低密度区面积增加，耕地质量低的中高—高密度区面积减少，较高质量耕地比例提升；④流域内NDVI整体呈现“山下低，山上高”的规律，治沟造地后流域内植被情况得到良好改善；⑤退耕还林区域、边坡治沟造地工程段植被均得到了良好的改善。[结论] 治沟造地工程使耕地质量和植被生态状况均得到一定程度的改善，但仍然存在诸如水土流失、盐渍化、边坡失稳等问题，应立足于生态文明建设，权衡各方面利弊，为黄土高原的高质量发展服务。

Abstract

[Objective] The impacts of the gully reclamation project in Northern Shaanxi Province on the distribution of cropland and vegetation restoration were studied in order to provide scientific reference for the direction and optimization of cultivated land remediation in similar area.[Methods] Taking the Yan'an Gutun watershed of Yan'an City as a case study

based on ArcGIS and ENVI

visual interpretation and kernel density estimation was used

and NDVI were calculated.[Results] ① After the gully reclamation project

the cropland was more concentrated in valleys

the fragmentation of cropland was decreased

and the quality of cropland was improved. ② The proportion of low-slope cropland was increased. The structure of cropland had been optimized

but the high-slope cropland still occupied a certain amount and needed to be further optimized. ③ Based on the analysis of kernel density

the area of the middle and low density zone with high cropland quality increased

and the area of the middle and high density zone with low cropland quality decreased. The proportion of high-quality cropland increased. ④ Overall

NDVI in the Gutun watershed showed the law of "low at the foot of the hill while high on the hill". The vegetation situation in the watershed was improved after the gully reclamation project. ⑤ The vegetation in the area of returning farmland to forests and the slope control section had been improved well.[Conclusion] To a certain extent

the gully reclamation project has improved the quality of cultivated land and vegetation situation

but there are still some problems such as soil erosion

salinization and slope instability

etc. Gully reclamation project should be based on the construction of ecological civilization

weigh the advantages and disadvantages of various aspects and serve the high-quality development of the Loess Plateau.

关键词

Keywords

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