“稻-鸭-虾”生态种养模式水体中的氮磷浓度及藻类生物量变化

黄巍; 余经纬; 李玉成; 张学胜; 王宁

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2019.04.036

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

“稻-鸭-虾”生态种养模式水体中的氮磷浓度及藻类生物量变化

试验研究

- “稻-鸭-虾”生态种养模式水体中的氮磷浓度及藻类生物量变化
- Changes of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Algae in Water Under Rice-Duck-Shrimp Ecological Planting and Breeding Model
- 水土保持通报 2019年39卷第4期页码：229-235
- 作者机构：
  
  安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽,合肥,230601
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家科技重大专项"水源涵养和生态保育清洁小流域技术综合集成应用推广"（2017ZX07603-002）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2019.04.036
  中图分类号： S19;X171.5
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
黄巍, 余经纬, 李玉成, 等. “稻-鸭-虾”生态种养模式水体中的氮磷浓度及藻类生物量变化[J]. 水土保持通报, 2019,39(4):229-235.

Huang Wei, Yu Jingwei, Li Yucheng, et al. Changes of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Algae in Water Under Rice-Duck-Shrimp Ecological Planting and Breeding Model[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2019, 39(4): 229-235.
黄巍, 余经纬, 李玉成, 等. “稻-鸭-虾”生态种养模式水体中的氮磷浓度及藻类生物量变化[J]. 水土保持通报, 2019,39(4):229-235. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2019.04.036.

Huang Wei, Yu Jingwei, Li Yucheng, et al. Changes of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Algae in Water Under Rice-Duck-Shrimp Ecological Planting and Breeding Model[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2019, 39(4): 229-235. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2019.04.036.

摘要

[目的]对"稻-鸭-虾"生态种养模式水体中氮磷浓度及藻类生物量的变化进行研究，为控制稻田排水中氮磷引起的农业面源污染，改善稻田生态环境提供科学参考。[方法]对比"稻-鸭-虾"生态种养模式与常规种植模式，分析不同种植模式下的差异及优越性，重点研究"稻-鸭-虾"的内在协同作用对水体中氮磷及藻类的变化影响。[结果]①相比于常规种植，"稻-鸭-虾"生态种养稻田水体中总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）含量分别减少32.43%和19.35%，且对初始灌溉水中TN，TP的去除率可达到38.7%和26.9%。②"稻-鸭-虾"生态种养可改变稻田水体中氮磷的形态，在水稻全生育期内，可溶性磷（DTP）和颗粒态磷（PP）比例更加稳定，而在水稻后期，稻田水体中有机氮（ON）比例显著提高。③"稻-鸭-虾"生态种养改善了水体中藻类植物群落结构，稻田排水中藻类生物多样性指数提高到2.34。④相比于常规种植，"稻-鸭-虾"生态种养中水稻的有效穗、穗粒数和结实率分别提高了4.83%，5.28%和2.84%，稻米中蛋白质含量增加了8.15%，显著提高经济效益。[结论]相比于常规种植，"稻-鸭-虾"生态种养既能有效减少稻田水体中N，P含量，增加水体稳定性，又能提高水稻的有效穗、穗粒数和结实率，增加了经济效益，且并未带来重金属污染风险，是值得推广的大田种养技术。

Abstract

[Objective] The changes of nitrogen and phosphorus and algae in the water under "rice-duck-shrimp ecological planting and breeding model were studied in order to provide a scientific reference for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution caused by nitrogen and phosphorus in the drainage of rice fields and improving the ecological environment of rice fields.[Methods] The differences and advantages of different planting modes were analyzed by comparing the ecological planting and breeding model of rice-duck-shrimp and the conventional planting model. The study focused on the impact of the internal synergy of rice-duck-shrimp on the changes of nitrogen

phosphorus and algae in water.[Results] ① The contents of total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) in rice-duck-shrimp ecological paddy field reduced by 32.43% and 19.35%

respectively. The removal rates of total TN and total TP in initial irrigation water were 38.7% and 26.9%

respectively. ② The changes of nitrogen and phosphorus forms were altered by the ecological planting and breeding mode of rice-duck-shrimp. During the whole growth period of rice

the proportion of soluble phosphorus(DTP) and granular phosphorus(PP) was more stable. However

the proportion of organic nitrogen(ON) in paddy water significantly increased in the later period of rice. ③ The rice-duck-shrimp ecological planting breeding model could improve the community structure of algae in water. The algae biodiversity index in paddy field drainage increased to 2.34. ④ Compared with conventional cultivation

the effective panicles

grains per spikee and seed setting rate of rice in rice-duck-shrimp ecological planting breeding model increased by 4.83%

5.28% and 2.84%

respectively. Moreover

the protein content of rice increased by 8.15%

which significantly improved the economic benefits.[Conclusion] Compared with conventional cultivation

rice-duck-shrimp ecological planting and breeding model could not only effectively reduce the content of N and P in rice field water

increase the stability of water

but also improve the effective panicles

grains per spike and seed setting rate of rice

which increases economic benefits and does not bring the risk of heavy metal pollution. Therefore

it was worth popularizing as a farming technology.

关键词

Keywords

references

王桂苓,马友华,孙兴旺,等.巢湖流域麦稻轮作农田径流氮磷流失研究[J].水土保持学报,2010,24(2):6-10.

武慧君,袁增伟,毕军.巢湖流域农田生态系统磷代谢分析[J].中国环境科学,2010,30(12):1658-1663.

李如忠,汪家权,钱家忠.巢湖流域非点源营养物控制对策研究[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(1):119-121.

彭世彰,熊玉江,罗玉峰,等.稻田与沟塘湿地协同原位削减排水中氮磷的效果[J].水利学报,2013,44(6):657-663.

Natuhara Y. Ecosystem services by paddy fields as substitutes of natural wetlands in Japan[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2013,56(S):97-106.

Frei M, Becker K. A greenhouse experiment on growth and yield effects in integrated rice-fish culture[J]. Aquaculture, 2005,244(1/4):119-128.

Halwart M. Biodiversity and nutrition in rice-based aquatic ecosystems[J]. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 2006,19(6/7):747-751.

王强盛,黄丕生,甄若宏,等.稻鸭共作对稻田营养生态及稻米品质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(4):639-645.

张苗苗,宗良纲,谢桐洲.有机稻鸭共作对土壤养分动态变化和经济效益的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(2):256-260.

李成芳,曹凑贵,潘圣刚,等.稻鸭共作生态系统稻田土壤固定态铵含量及有效性[J].生态学报,2008,28(6):2729-2737.

杨治平,刘小燕,黄璜,等.稻田养鸭对稻鸭复合系统中病、虫、草害及蜘蛛的影响[J].生态学报,2004,24(12):2756-2760.

杨勇,张洪程,胡小军,等.稻渔共作水稻生育特点及产量形成研究[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(10):1451-1457.

丁伟华,李娜娜,任伟征,等.传统稻鱼系统生产力提升对稻田水体环境的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2013,21(3):308-314.

国家环境保护总局,水和废水监测分析方法编委会.水与废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.

章宗涉,黄祥飞.淡水浮游生物研究方法[M].北京:科学出版社,1991.

胡鸿钧,魏印心.中国淡水藻类-系统、分类及生态[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.

陈辉煌,陆开宏,郑忠明,等.夏季混养鳙和银鲫对凡纳滨对虾低盐养殖池塘浮游藻类群落结构的影响[J].生态科学,2014,33(3):459-466.

沈蕴芬,章宗涉,龚循矩,等.微型生物监测新技术[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1990.

李军,刘丛强,肖化云,等.太湖北部夏季浮游藻类多样性与水质评价[J].生态环境,2006,15(3):453-456.

崔虎,王莉霞,欧洋,等.牛粪-化肥配施对水稻田氮磷迁移转化的影响[J].中国环境科学,2018,38(6):2233-2242.

彭世彰,熊玉江,罗玉峰,等.稻田与沟塘湿地协同原位削减排水中氮磷的效果[J].水利学报,2013,44(6):657-663.

张帆."稻鸭共生"养分归还特征及水稻植株对氮、磷的吸收[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(3):265-269.

薛利红,杨林章.太湖流域稻田湿地对低污染水中氮磷的净化效果[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(1):117-124.

罗春燕,冀宏杰,张维理,等.鸭粪和猪粪中易溶性磷含量特征研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(4):1320-1325.

何军,崔远来,王建鹏,等.不同尺度稻田氮磷排放规律试验[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(10):56-62.

Paerl H W, Fulton R S, Moisander P H, et al. Harmful freshwater algal Blooms, with an emphasis on cyanobacteria[J]. The Scientific World Journal, 2001,4(1):76-113.

宋玉芝,秦伯强,高光.氮及氮磷比对附着藻类及浮游藻类的影响[J].湖泊科学,2007,19(2):125-130.

沈宏,周培疆.环境有机污染物对藻类生长作用的研究进展[J].水生生物学报,2002,26(5):529-535.

张萍,周鑫,秦伟,等.不同饵料培养基对克氏原螯虾池塘浮游藻类及水质的影响[J].南方农业学报,2014,45(8):1474-1480.

Mcintire C D, Garrison R L, Warren P C E. Primary production in laboratory streams[J]. Limnology and Oceanography, 1964,9(1):92-102.

濮培民,李裕红,张晋芳,等.用生态修复调控浮游植物种群局部控制富营养化:以贵州红枫湖水质生态修复工程为例[J].湖泊科学,2012,24(4):503-512.

汪金平,曹凑贵,金晖,等.稻鸭共生对稻田水生生物群落的影响[J].中国农业科学,2006,39(10):2001-2008.

张帆,李海露,程凯凯."稻鸭共生"生态系统重金属镉的转化、迁移及循环特征[J].中国生态农业学报,2016,24(9):1206-1213.

浏览量

972

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

晋西北退耕地物种多样性研究

几种植物去除污染水体中养分效果研究

农林复合措施保土保肥试验分析

多功能改土剂对河西地区风沙土理化性质以及玉米经济效益的影响

内蒙古东部地区喷灌灌溉制度及其经济效益