基于地理探测器的江西省万安县生态脆弱性时空演变及驱动力分析

张莹; 张学玲; 蔡海生

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.04.034

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基于地理探测器的江西省万安县生态脆弱性时空演变及驱动力分析

试验研究

- 基于地理探测器的江西省万安县生态脆弱性时空演变及驱动力分析
- Temporal and Spatial Evolutions and Its Driving Factors of Ecological Vulnerability in Wan'an County of Jiangxi Province Based on Geogdetector
- 水土保持通报 2018年38卷第4期页码：207-214
- 作者机构：
  
  江西农业大学江西省鄱阳湖流域农业生态工程技术中心/南昌市鄱阳湖生态重点实验室/农村土地资源利用与保护研究中心,江西,南昌,330045
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目“鄱阳湖流域土地集约利用与生态安全耦合发展及其综合响应机制研究”（31660140）;江西省自然科学基金“鄱阳湖流域土地集约利用与生态安全耦合发展机制研究（20161BAB204180）;江西省教育厅科技项目“鄱阳湖生态经济区生态环境脆弱性评价及调控对策研究”（GJJ12218）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.04.034
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2018
- 稿件说明：
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张莹, 张学玲, 蔡海生. 基于地理探测器的江西省万安县生态脆弱性时空演变及驱动力分析[J]. 水土保持通报, 2018,38(4):207-214.

ZHANG Ying, ZHANG Xueling, CAI Haisheng. Temporal and Spatial Evolutions and Its Driving Factors of Ecological Vulnerability in Wan'an County of Jiangxi Province Based on Geogdetector[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2018, 38(4): 207-214.
张莹, 张学玲, 蔡海生. 基于地理探测器的江西省万安县生态脆弱性时空演变及驱动力分析[J]. 水土保持通报, 2018,38(4):207-214. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.04.034.

ZHANG Ying, ZHANG Xueling, CAI Haisheng. Temporal and Spatial Evolutions and Its Driving Factors of Ecological Vulnerability in Wan'an County of Jiangxi Province Based on Geogdetector[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2018, 38(4): 207-214. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.04.034.

摘要

[目的]对江西省万安县生态脆弱性近30 a的脆弱性进行定量研究，为县级土地脆弱性定量评价提供借鉴方法，以此促进县级社会—经济—生态可持续发展。[方法]运用1987，1995和2015年3期遥感影像数据，在分析生态脆弱性概念与评价方法的基础上，依循“压力—状态—响应”评估框架，选取景观分维数、破碎度、优势度、景观适应度4个景观格局指数，以及人类活动干扰指数、植被覆盖度指数、地形指数、景观类型指数，从生态压力度、敏感度、恢复力3个方面出发运用熵权灰色关联法构建生态脆弱性评价模型，基于格网尺度对万安县生态脆弱性进行动态评价和分析。[结果]1987—2015年万安县生态脆弱性不断加剧，其中存在68.72%的样本区生态脆弱度指数增大。通过万安县生态脆弱性分布图和趋势图可知，全县生态脆弱度高值区域集中在中北部地区而低值区集中于南部和西北部。采用空间自相关分析法分析万安县土地生态脆弱性指数空间上的集聚特征和显著性，1987—2015年万安县土地生态脆弱性存在较高的空间自相关性，空间自相关性呈现上升趋势。运用地理探测器方法，表明万安县生态脆弱性主要驱动因素是乡镇人均纯收入、单位耕地面积化肥施用量和非农业人口比重。[结论]研究区生态环境严峻，亟需针对万安县资源、气候、地形、土壤等条件，合理规划用地，科学系统划分生态功能区。

Abstract

[Objective] The ecological vulnerability of Wan'an county

Jiangxi Province

was quantitatively studied in order to provide a reference for the quantitative evaluation of land vulnerability at county level

so as to promote the sustainable development of social-economy-ecological environment.[Methods] The paper took Wan'an county

Jiangxi Province

as study area

to construct natural ecosystem vulnerability assessment model using the entropy and gray correlation analysis methods from three aspects

i.e.

ecological supporting pressure

ecosystem sensitivity and ecological resilience

in accordance with the "pressure-state-response" assessment framework. Landscape fractal dimension

fragmentation

dominance

landscape adaptability index

human disturbance intensity

vegetation cover

topographic index and landscape type indexes and data of remote sensing of 1987

1995 and 2015 were used. The ecological vulnerability of Wan'an County was analyzed and assessed dynamically based on grid scale.[Results] The results showed that the land ecological vulnerability was exacerbated increasingly in 1987-2015 and 68.72% of our research area was in an increased ecological vulnerability. The distribution and trend map of land ecological vulnerability showed that high value areas of ecological vulnerability were concentrated in the central and the northern regions

while low value areas were concentrated in the south and the northwest. Method of spatial analysis were applied to analyze spatial cluster characteristics and the significance of ecological vulnerability. The spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed that the landscape vulnerability had high and increased spatial autocorrelation in 1987-2015. The main driving factors of ecological vulnerability in Wan'an County were per capita net income

the amount of fertilizer of per unit cultivated area and non-agricultural population proportion.[Conclusion] The ecological environment of the study area was severe. It was necessary to plan for rational land use and arrange the ecological functional areas according to the conditions in resources

climate

terrain and soil of Wan'an County.

关键词

Keywords

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