不同遮光度对冬小麦生长发育和水分利用效率的影响

庞琳娜; 史文娟; 张建丰; 文利军; 李涛

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.04.009

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不同遮光度对冬小麦生长发育和水分利用效率的影响

试验研究

- 不同遮光度对冬小麦生长发育和水分利用效率的影响
- Effects of Different Shading Treatments on Growth and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat
- 水土保持通报 2018年38卷第4期页码：53-59
- 作者机构：
  
  西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地,陕西,西安,710048
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目“旱区盐碱地膜下滴灌间作棉田水盐迁移机制及土壤—植物系统响应”（51379172;51379173）;陕西省教育厅重点实验室科研计划项目（16JS085）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.04.009
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2018
- 稿件说明：
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庞琳娜, 史文娟, 张建丰, 等. 不同遮光度对冬小麦生长发育和水分利用效率的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2018,38(4):53-59.

PANG Linna, SHI Wenjuan, ZHANG Jianfeng, et al. Effects of Different Shading Treatments on Growth and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2018, 38(4): 53-59.
庞琳娜, 史文娟, 张建丰, 等. 不同遮光度对冬小麦生长发育和水分利用效率的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2018,38(4):53-59. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.04.009.

PANG Linna, SHI Wenjuan, ZHANG Jianfeng, et al. Effects of Different Shading Treatments on Growth and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2018, 38(4): 53-59. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.04.009.

摘要

[目的

]

探究不同程度遮光对冬小麦生长发育和水分利用效率的影响，分析遮光条件下小麦的生长发育状况及耗水特性，为节水灌溉提供新途径。[方法

]

通过小区试验，设置不遮光（CK）、20%遮光（L

）、40%遮光（L

）、60%遮光（L

）、80%遮光（L

）共5个处理组，分析冬小麦株高、叶面积、干物质、产量和水分利用效率的变化特征。[结果

]

遮光处理使冬小麦生育期延长，叶面积增加，但各处理间的株高无明显变化；L

，L

处理抑制了冬小麦茎、穗干物质的积累；遮光使得光合产物在茎、叶、穗各器官中的分配比例发生变化，但L

处理对冬小麦茎、叶、穗干物质的积累和分配无明显影响；遮光使得土面蒸发量和冬小麦的总耗水量均明显降低，且遮光度越大，降低幅度越大；与CK相比，L

处理的产量下降了4.23%，水分利用效率则提高了10.11%，其他处理的产量和水分利用效率均有所下降。[结论

]

处理对产量无明显影响，但有效提高了水分利用效率，起到了明显的节水作用。

Abstract

[Objective] To explore the influence of different shading on the growth and development of winter wheat and water utilization efficiency

and to analyze the growth and water consumption characteristics of wheat under the condition of shading

so as to provide a new way for water-saving irrigation.[Methods] The characteristics of leaf area

dry matter

yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat plants were studied through cell experiments

which sets five treatment groups:non-shading(CK)

20% shading(L20)

40% shading(L40)

60% shading(L60) and 80% shading(L80).[Results] The growth period of winter wheat was prolonged and the leaf area was increased through shading treatment

but there was no obvious change in plant height in each treatment; The shading of L40

L60 and L80 inhibited the accumulation of stems and ear dry matter in winter wheat

and had the function of inhibiting leaf dry matter first and then promoting it; The allocation proportion of dry matter in stems

leaves and ear organs of winter wheat was changed by shading

but there was no significant impacts on the accumulation and distribution of winter wheat stem

leaf

and dry matter in L20 shading; Both soil evaporation and total water consumption of winter wheat were significantly reduced in shading

and the larger the shading degree

the greater the decrease; Compared with CK

the yield of L20 treatment was decreased by 4.23%

the water use efficiency was increased by 10.11%

and the yield and water use efficiency of other shadings was decreased.[Conclusion] It can be seen that the water-use efficiency is effectively improved and the water saving effect is obvious without obvious effect on yield in L20 shading.

关键词

Keywords

references

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