断裂错动与水作用下的地层位移及应力变化

孟振江; 彭建兵; 程国明; 郭海朋; 王海刚; 范文东; 杨争

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.03.009

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断裂错动与水作用下的地层位移及应力变化

试验研究

- 断裂错动与水作用下的地层位移及应力变化
- Change of Stratum Displacement and Stress Induced by Fault Dislocation and Groundwater
- 水土保持通报 2018年38卷第3期页码：53-59
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,陕西,西安,710054
  2. 西部矿产资源与地质工程教育部重点实验室,陕西,西安,710054
  3. 中国地质环境监测院,北京,100081
  4. 西北综合勘察设计研究院,陕西,西安,710003
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家基础科学（973）发展计划项目“黄土重大灾害成灾机理及灾害链演化规律”（2014CB744702）;中国地质调查局项目“京津冀地区地面沉降地裂缝调查及地质环境监测”（DD20160235）;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目（310826174001）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.03.009
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2018
- 稿件说明：
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孟振江, 彭建兵, 程国明, 等. 断裂错动与水作用下的地层位移及应力变化[J]. 水土保持通报, 2018,38(3):53-59.

MENG Zhenjiang, PENG Jianbing, CHENG Guoming, et al. Change of Stratum Displacement and Stress Induced by Fault Dislocation and Groundwater[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2018, 38(3): 53-59.
孟振江, 彭建兵, 程国明, 等. 断裂错动与水作用下的地层位移及应力变化[J]. 水土保持通报, 2018,38(3):53-59. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.03.009.

MENG Zhenjiang, PENG Jianbing, CHENG Guoming, et al. Change of Stratum Displacement and Stress Induced by Fault Dislocation and Groundwater[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2018, 38(3): 53-59. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.03.009.

摘要

[目的]在断裂活动和地下水位变化条件下，对地裂缝上下盘地层的沉降位移与应力变化进行分析，为深入研究地裂缝的形成机理提供参考。[方法]以北京市高丽营地区地裂缝为研究背景原型，基于其活动特征，分析了该地裂缝的发育与断裂构造及地下水水位变化之间的关系，并运用数值模拟方法分别研究了两种诱因作用下模型地层的沉降位移及土体内部应力的变化规律。[结果]断裂错动作用下，地裂缝上盘土层的沉降变形响应程度大于下盘，地表竖向位移变化曲线近似呈反"S"形态，且上盘应力降低区的范围大于下盘应力增强区的范围；地层沉降量随地下水位的下降而不断增加，其土体应力变化曲线呈"中心对称"。[结论]断裂两侧附近的土体沉降位移和应力变化的差异较明显，且差异沉降与水位降深呈正相关，地下水位下降易诱发地裂缝的影响范围是上盘45 m和下盘35 m，研究成果可为地裂缝灾害地区的防灾减灾提供科学的理论依据。

Abstract

[Objective] To analyze the change of stratum displacement and stress induced by fault dislocation and groundwater level change in the hanging wall and the foot wall of ground fissure in order to provide references for the further research in the formation mechanism of ground fissures.[Methods] Taking Gaoliying ground fissure in Beijing City as research background prototype

the relationship between the formation of ground fissure and fault tectonic activity

and the change of groundwater level were analyzed

based on the activity characteristics of the ground fissure. The change law of modeled stratum displacement and soil internal stress induced by these two inducing factors was studied using numerical simulation.[Results] Due to the fault dislocation

the settlement deformation on the hanging wall was greater than the foot wall

the curve of vertical displacement of surface showed an opposite "S" shape

and the range of the stress reduction zone of the hanging wall was larger than the range of the stress enhancement zone on the foot wall. Stratum settlement amount increased with the decline of groundwater level

and the stress curve was approximately "centrosymmetric".[Conclusion] The differences in settlement displacement and stress changes between the two sides of the fault were significant. The differential settlement was positively correlated to the descent of groundwater level

and the influence range of ground fissure induced by descent of groundwater level was 45 m on the hanging wall while 35 m on the foot wall. The research results can provide scientific theoretical basis for disaster prevention and mitigation in the ground fissure areas.

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