1. 兰州市农业科技研究推广中心,甘肃,兰州,730000
2. 甘肃省农业科学院,甘肃,兰州,730070
3. 甘肃省永登县种子管理站, 甘肃 永登,730300
纸质出版:2018
移动端阅览
王平, 陈娟, 王国宇, 等. 黄土丘陵沟壑区旱作农业轮作模式综合评价[J]. 水土保持通报, 2018,38(1):229-234.
WANG Ping, CHEN Juan, WANG Guoyu, et al. Comprehensive Evaluation of Dryland Farming Rotation Systems in Loess Hilly and Gully Region[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2018, 38(1): 229-234.
王平, 陈娟, 王国宇, 等. 黄土丘陵沟壑区旱作农业轮作模式综合评价[J]. 水土保持通报, 2018,38(1):229-234. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.01.040.
WANG Ping, CHEN Juan, WANG Guoyu, et al. Comprehensive Evaluation of Dryland Farming Rotation Systems in Loess Hilly and Gully Region[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2018, 38(1): 229-234. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.01.040.
[目的]以不同轮作模式为研究对象,研究不同轮作模式对土壤容重、土壤含水量及作物产量的影响,优化兰州市旱地区作物种植制度。[方法]以马铃薯(P)、玉米(M)、蚕豆(B)为供试作物,开展9种年际间轮作模式试验,分别为:(P-P-P),(M-M-M),(B-B-B),(P-M-P),(P-B-P),(M-P-M),(M-B-P),(B-B-P),(M-M-B)。测定不同轮作模式下,土壤容重、土壤水分及作物产量,并进行经济效益分析。[结果]马铃薯轮作模式(P-M-P,P-B-P,M-P-M,M-B-P及B-B-P)能显著减少0-40 cm土层的土壤容重,对40-60 cm土层的土壤容重没有显著影响;不同作物轮作下土壤含水量、耗水量影响大小相似:玉米 > 马铃薯 > 蚕豆,水分利用效率受作物种类影响大小为:马铃薯 > 玉米 > 蚕豆,其中轮作模式以M-M-M下土壤含水量最低、耗水量最大,B-B-P下水分利用效率最高;同种作物轮作产量均高于连作产量,如2016年P-M-P,P-B-P,M-B-P,B-B-P较连作P-P-P产量分别提高了40.37%~79.28%,M-M-B蚕豆轮作较B-B-B连作增产23.56%,M-P-M轮作较M-M-M连作玉米产量提高10.51%;不同轮作模式经济收益大小与连作相比,轮作更利于产量与经济收益的提高。[结论]综合土壤容重、水分利用效率、产量及经济效益,P-B-P与P-M-P轮作模式,能改善土壤环境、提高产量与经济效益可作为主推轮作模式。M-B-P轮作模式经济效益次之,但水分利用效益较高,能作为协调水分利用的种植模式。
[Objective] The objective of the study is to analyze the impact of different cropping systems on crop yield
soil bulk density and soil water content in Lanzhou City and to find the optimum cropping system in this area.[Methods] The potato(P)
maize(M) and faba bean(B) was selected as test crops under 9 annual rotation patterns (P-P-P
M-M-M
B-B-B
P-B-P
M-P-M
M-B-P
B-B-P
M-M-B). The soil bulk density
soil moisture
crop yield and economic benefits under different rotation patterns were analyzed.[Results] P-M-P
P-B-P
M-P-M
M-B-P and B-B-P could significantly reduce soil bulk density in 0-40 cm soil layers
but had no significant effect on soil bulk density of 40-60 cm soil layers. The influence of rotation systems on soil water content was similar to that of water consumption
the order of the effects of crop types on soil water content
water consumption were maize > potato > faba bean
and WUE were potato > maize > faba bean
respectively. Under M-M-M treatment
the soil water content was the lowest
and water consumption was the highest
WUE of B-B-P treatment was the highest. The yield of rotation cropping was higher than that of continuous cropping. In 2016
compared with continuous cropping P-P-P treatment
the crop yield under P-M-P
P-B-P
M-B-P and B-B-P treatments increased by 40.37%~79.28%. Compared with continuous cropping B-B-B treatment
the crop yield under M-M-B treatment increased by 23.56%; Compared with continuous cropping M-M-M treatment
M-P-M treatment increased by 10.51%. Compared with continuous cropping
rotation cropping would more increase in crop yield and economic benefits.[Conclusion] With respect to soil bulk density
WUE
crop yield and economic benefits
P-B-P and P-M-P were superior to the other seven rotation patterns
which could improve soil environment
and increase yield and economic benefits
and should be encouraged in Lanzhou City. The economic benefits under M-B-P was lower than P-B-P and P-M-P treatment
M-B-P had higher WUE
which could improve WUE.
王飞,李世贵,徐凤花,等.连作障碍发生机制研究进展[J].中国土壤与肥料,2013(5):6-13.
陈丹梅,段玉琪,杨宇虹,等.轮作模式对植烟土壤酶活性及真菌群落的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(8):2373-2381.
陈桂权,曾雄生.我国农业轮作休耕制度的建立:来自农业发展历史的经验和启示[J].地方财政研究,2016(7):87-94.
刘晓宏,郝明德,樊军.黄土高原旱区长期不同轮作施肥对土壤供氮能力的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2000,18(3):1-7.
樊军,郝明德.黄土高原旱地轮作与施肥长期定位试验研究I:长期轮作与施肥对土壤酶活性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2003,9(1):9-13.
蔡艳,郝明德.轮作模式与周期对黄土高原旱地小麦产量、养分吸收和土壤肥力的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(4):864-872.
万年鑫,郑顺林,周少猛,等.薯玉轮作对马铃薯根区土壤养分及酶活效应分析[J].浙江大学学报:农业与生命科学版,2016,42(1):74-80.
李巧珍,郝卫平,龚道枝,等.不同灌溉方式对苹果园土壤水分动态、耗水量和产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2007,25(2):128-133.
吕毅,宋富海,李园园,等.轮作不同作物对苹果园连作土壤环境及平邑甜茶幼苗生理指标的影响[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(14):2830-2839.
宋丽萍,罗珠珠,李玲玲,等.陇中黄土高原半干旱区苜蓿-作物轮作对土壤物理性质的影响[J].草业学报,2015,24(7):12-20.
邵明安,吕殿青,付晓莉.土壤持水特征测定中质量含水量、吸力和容重三者间定量关系:填装土壤[J].土壤学报,2007,44(6):1003-1009.
吕殿青,邵明安,潘云.容重变化与土壤水分特征的依赖关系研究[J].水土保持学报,2009,2(3):209-212.
张凤华,王建军.不同轮作模式对土壤团聚体组成及有机碳分布的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2014,3(4):113-116,139.
信乃检.中国北方旱区农业研究[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002.
李亚莉,杨永岗,张化生.轮作与连作对高原夏季甜脆豆病虫害发生及产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2012(2):17-20.
胡守林,贾志宽,万素梅.陇东黄土高原苜蓿草地土壤水分消耗及水分生态效应[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(8):48-53.
韩丽娜,丁静,韩清芳.黄土高原区草粮(油)翻耕轮作的土壤水分及作物产量效应[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(24):129-137.
李明,郝建平,杜天庆,等.半干旱区3 a不同轮作组合系统的综合评价[J].山西农业科学,2014,42(10):1090-1094.
李承力,杨特武,徐君驰,等.丹江口库区坡耕地不同轮作模式作物生产力及农田养分流失比较[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(4):83-87.
周少平,谭广洋,沈禹颖,等.保护性耕作下陇东春玉米(冬小麦)夏大豆轮作系统土壤水分动态及水分利用效率[J].草业学报,2008,25(7):69-76.
姚致远,王峥,李婧,等.旱地基于豆类绿肥不同轮作方式的经济效益分析[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(1):76-84.
0
浏览量
1281
下载量
0
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
京公网安备11010802024621