1960-2012年山东省近地面和高空相对湿度时空变化特征

刘晓笛; 李宝富; 廉丽姝

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20170823.001

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1960-2012年山东省近地面和高空相对湿度时空变化特征

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- 1960-2012年山东省近地面和高空相对湿度时空变化特征
- Tempo-spatial Variations of Aerial and Subaerial Air Relative Humidity in Shandong Province During 1960-2012
- 水土保持通报 2017年37卷第5期页码：218-223
- 作者机构：
  
  曲阜师范大学地理与旅游学院,山东,日照,276826
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金项目“定量辨识气候变化与人类活动对沂河地表水资源的影响”（BS2014HZ022）;山东省自然科学基金（ZR2015DL001）;曲阜师范大学科研启动基金（BSQD20130102）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20170823.001
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2017
- 稿件说明：
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刘晓笛, 李宝富, 廉丽姝. 1960-2012年山东省近地面和高空相对湿度时空变化特征[J]. 水土保持通报, 2017,37(5):218-223.

LIU Xiaodi, LI Baofu, LIAN Lishu. Tempo-spatial Variations of Aerial and Subaerial Air Relative Humidity in Shandong Province During 1960-2012[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2017, 37(5): 218-223.
刘晓笛, 李宝富, 廉丽姝. 1960-2012年山东省近地面和高空相对湿度时空变化特征[J]. 水土保持通报, 2017,37(5):218-223. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20170823.001.

LIU Xiaodi, LI Baofu, LIAN Lishu. Tempo-spatial Variations of Aerial and Subaerial Air Relative Humidity in Shandong Province During 1960-2012[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2017, 37(5): 218-223. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20170823.001.

摘要

[目的] 探讨近地面和高空相对湿度的时空变化特征及其与气温和降水的关系，为研究山东省气候波动过程提供依据。[方法] 基于山东省1960-2012年探空和地面观测资料，采用回归分析、IDW空间插值、Mann-Kendall单调趋势检验法以及敏感性分析等方法研究了相对湿度变化特征。[结果] 1960-2012年，山东省近地面年均相对湿度呈下降趋势，变化速率为-0.23%/10 a （p>0.05）。其中，春季、秋季和夏季相对湿度下降速率大小依次为-0.45%/10 a，-0.42%/10 a和-0.18%/10 a，而冬季相对湿度却呈增加趋势（0.10%/10 a）。空间上，近地面相对湿度从东部沿海向西部内陆递减，而下降趋势呈现"东快西慢"的特点。高空相对湿度也呈下降趋势，而且对流层中下层的变化趋势比上层明显。近地面相对湿度季节变化对年变化的贡献率由大到小依次为：秋季 > 春季 > 冬季 > 夏季，对流层中下层各季的贡献率大小依次为：秋季 > 冬季 > 春季 > 夏季，而对流层上层各季贡献率由大到小为：夏季 > 秋季 > 冬季 > 春季。[结论] 敏感性分析表明，干旱指数变化1%，将引起近地面和高空相对湿度分别变化-1.55%和-1.95%，而气温或降水变化1%，将导致相对湿度变化在-0.15%~0.09%。

Abstract

[Objective] The tempo-spatial change characteristics of aerial and subaerial air relative humidity and its responses to temperature and precipitation were explored

to provide basis for the research of climate fluctuation process in Shandong Province.[Methods] Based on the radio sounding and land surface observation data of Shandong Province during 1960-2012

we used regression analysis

IDW

Mann-Kendall non-parametric statistical test and sensitivity analysis to analyze the change characteristics of relative humidity.[Results] The annual subaerial air relative humidity exhibited an obvious decreasing trend (p>0.05) from 1960 to 2012 at a rate of -0.23% per 10 a. In spring

autumn and summer

the values were -0.45%

-0.42% and -0.18% per 10 a

respectively. On the contrary

the relative humidity increased in winter with a rate of 0.10% per 10 a. In spatial

subaerial air relative humidity decreased from the eastern coastal area to the western inland area. However

with regard to the change rate

it is fast in eastern area and slow inland. The aerial air relative humidity had similar spatial change. From the costal to the inland

the decreases in mid and lower troposphere were more obvious than that in the upper troposphere. The seasonal variations could interpret the annual change with different proportions

having an order as:autumn > spring > winter > summer. For mid and lower troposphere

the seasonal contributions ranked as:autumn > winter > spring > summer; For upper troposphere

the rank was summer > autumn > winter > spring.[Conclusion] Sensitivity analysis showed that if drought index changes by 1% during 1960-2012

could induce aerial and subaerial air relative humidity to change by -1.55% and -1.96% respectively; accordingly

if temperature or precipitation changes by 1%

relative humidity will change by -0.15% to 0.09%.

关键词

Keywords

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