红壤区小流域次降雨产流产沙因素分析及模型构建

寇馨月; 姜学兵; 黄俊; 金平伟; 林丽萍; 徐舟; 李乐

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.06.006

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红壤区小流域次降雨产流产沙因素分析及模型构建

试验研究

- 红壤区小流域次降雨产流产沙因素分析及模型构建
- Analysis of Factors Affecting Runoff and Sediment Yield and Its Modelling Construction in Individual Rainfall in Small Watershed of Red Soil Region
- 水土保持通报 2017年37卷第6期页码：34-42
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 珠江水利委员会珠江流域水土保持监测中心站,广东,广州,510611
  2. 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院,广东,广州,510611
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  水利部黄土高原水土流失过程与控制重点实验室开放课题基金“红壤区小流域水沙输移规律研究”（2016006）;国家自然科学基金项目“天然林演替为人工林对林地水量平衡及土壤水影响作用机制”（41501019）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.06.006
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2017
- 稿件说明：
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寇馨月, 姜学兵, 黄俊, 等. 红壤区小流域次降雨产流产沙因素分析及模型构建[J]. 水土保持通报, 2017,37(6):34-42.

KOU Xinyue, JIANG Xuebing, HUANG Jun, et al. Analysis of Factors Affecting Runoff and Sediment Yield and Its Modelling Construction in Individual Rainfall in Small Watershed of Red Soil Region[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2017, 37(6): 34-42.
寇馨月, 姜学兵, 黄俊, 等. 红壤区小流域次降雨产流产沙因素分析及模型构建[J]. 水土保持通报, 2017,37(6):34-42. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.06.006.

KOU Xinyue, JIANG Xuebing, HUANG Jun, et al. Analysis of Factors Affecting Runoff and Sediment Yield and Its Modelling Construction in Individual Rainfall in Small Watershed of Red Soil Region[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2017, 37(6): 34-42. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.06.006.

摘要

[目的]探索南方红壤区小流域降雨因子对产流产沙的影响及定量关系，为治理区域水土流失、优化水土资源利用提供参考。[方法]基于南方红壤区广东省五华县乌陂河和福建省长汀县朱溪河小流域3 a自然降雨观测资料，采用回归及通径分析等因子分析法研究次降雨对径流泥沙的影响，构建次降雨径流泥沙计算模型。[结果]①回归和通径分析结果基本一致：次降雨量、历时、最大30 min雨强以及次降雨量与历时交互作用是次降雨径流的关键影响因子；次降雨量、雨强、最大30 min雨强、降雨侵蚀力以及次降雨量与雨强交互作用是次降雨产沙模数关键影响因子。②多元线性回归模型可较为准确和定量地反映2个小流域次降雨各因子与径流泥沙动态变化关系。③利用Excel函数随机选取乌陂河流域25组数据和朱溪河流域23组数据验证模型，结果显示计算径流泥沙数据与实测数据的相关性非常显著（p < 0.05），其中乌陂河产沙模数模型的相关性最为紧密，相关系数为0.950。[结论]多元线性回归模型是乌陂河和朱溪河流域主要降雨因子对径流泥沙定量影响的最佳模型。显著性检验结果表明，该模型达到了极显著水平。

Abstract

[Objective] Effects of rainfall on runoff and sediment yield and the quantitative relationships were studied in small watershed of red soil region in South China

in order to provide references for controlling soil erosion and optimizing the use of water and soil resources in this region.[Methods] Based on the three years' observations of natural rainfall events of Wubeihe watershed in Wuhua County of Guangdong Province and Zhuxihe watershed in Changting County of Fujian Province in south red soil region

the methods of regression analysis and path analysis and so on were used to study the effects of single rainfall on runoff and sediments. Meantime

the calculation models were built to study the relationship between rainfall and runoff sediment.[Results] ① The results from the methods of regression analysis and path analysis were essentially in agreement:the main rainfall influence factors of runoff were rainfall

duration

30-minute maximum rainfall intensity(I30) and the interaction of rainfall and duration. The main rainfall influence factors of sediment yield modulus were rainfall

raininess

30-minute maximum rainfall intensity I30

rainfall erosivity and the interaction of rainfall and raininess. ② Multivariate linear regression model could accurately reflect the dynamic relationship between rainfall and runoff sediment in the two small watersheds. ③ The model was validated by randomly selected data using Excel

including 25 sets of data in Wubeihe watershed and 23 sets of data in Zhuxihe watershed. The results showed that the correlation between calculated runoff sediment values and the measured data was very significant(p < 0.05)

especially for Wubeihe watershed

the correlation coefficient was as high as 0.950.[Conclusion] The multiple linear regression model were the best model for describing the quantitative effects of main rainfall-related factors on runoff and sediment both in Wubeihe watershed and Zhuxihe watershed.

关键词

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