陇东黄土高原油污土壤环境因子对场地生态修复的季节响应

王金成; 井明博; 陈拓; 杨蕊琪; 王国锋; 周天林

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.05.001

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陇东黄土高原油污土壤环境因子对场地生态修复的季节响应

试验研究

- 陇东黄土高原油污土壤环境因子对场地生态修复的季节响应
- Seasonal Responses of Soil Environmental Factors to In-Situ Ecological Remediation of Crude-Oil Contaminated Soil in Eastern Gansu Province of Loess Plateau
- 水土保持通报 2017年37卷第5期页码：1-9
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 甘肃省高校陇东生物资源保护与利用省级重点实验室,甘肃,庆阳,745000
  2. 陇东学院生命科学与技术学院,甘肃,庆阳,745000
  3. 甘肃省极端环境微生物资源与工程重点实验室中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃,兰州,730000
  4. 陕西师范大学生命科学学院,陕西,西安,710062
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  科技部国家国际合作专项“青藏高原冻土中原油降解微生物的筛选及耐冷工程菌构建”（2014DFA30330）;甘肃省青年科技基金计划项目（17JR5RM354）;甘肃省高等学校科研项目（2014B-091）;陇东学院青年资助项目（XYZK1605）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.05.001
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2017
- 稿件说明：
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王金成, 井明博, 陈拓, 等. 陇东黄土高原油污土壤环境因子对场地生态修复的季节响应[J]. 水土保持通报, 2017,37(5):1-9.

WANG Jincheng, JING Mingbo, Chen Tuo, et al. Seasonal Responses of Soil Environmental Factors to In-Situ Ecological Remediation of Crude-Oil Contaminated Soil in Eastern Gansu Province of Loess Plateau[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2017, 37(5): 1-9.
王金成, 井明博, 陈拓, 等. 陇东黄土高原油污土壤环境因子对场地生态修复的季节响应[J]. 水土保持通报, 2017,37(5):1-9. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.05.001.

WANG Jincheng, JING Mingbo, Chen Tuo, et al. Seasonal Responses of Soil Environmental Factors to In-Situ Ecological Remediation of Crude-Oil Contaminated Soil in Eastern Gansu Province of Loess Plateau[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2017, 37(5): 1-9. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.05.001.

摘要

[目的

]

探讨陇东黄土高原地区油污土壤场地修复过程中土壤环境因子对季节变化的响应机制，为油污土壤植物微生物联合生态修复的推广应用提供参考。[方法

]

利用陇东适生植物"金盏菊"联合土著石油降解菌剂开展为期285 d的场地原位修复试验，采用常规方法测定不同季节土壤理化特性、酶活性和微生物群落特性等环境指标。[结果

]

（1）场地修复过程中土壤TPHs降解率在夏（24.62%±3.96%）秋（29.93%±1.94%）两季明显高于春（3.82%±0.91%）冬（9.24%±0.87%）两季；（2）季节变化和强化处理对油污土壤酶活性和理化特性存在显著交互效应（p

0.05）。土壤pH值、含盐率和有机质含量在秋季明显降低（p

0.05），而土壤速效养分均在夏秋含量最高（p

0.05）；（3）春季土壤微生物群落Evenness指数偏低（p

0.05），夏季Richness指数明显增加（p

0.05），Shannon-Wiener指数在夏秋两季明显高于其他季节（p

0.05）；（4） NMDS排序结果显示，夏秋两季分异于其他季节主要与土壤微生物群落Richness指数（r

=0.706 3，p=0.002）和速效磷（r

=0.615 7，p=0.005）有关；（5）低温季节影响土壤TPHs降解率的因素主要是土壤理化特性和土壤酶活性的叠加效应（54%），而夏秋两季土壤理化特性、土壤酶活性和土壤微生物特性三者的共同作用可解释土壤TPHs降解率变异的74%。[结论

]

土壤微生物群落Evenness指数和土壤酶活性偏低是造成春冬两季土壤TPHs降解率偏低，而土壤微生物群落Shannon-Wiener指数、Richness指数、速效磷含量和生物强化处理有效化水平是陇东地区夏秋两季土壤TPHs降解率明显增加的主要环境因素。

Abstract

[Objective] To explore the mechanism of seasonal responses of soil environmental factors to in-situ ecological remediation of crude-oil contaminated soil in Eastern Gansu Province of the loess plateau

in order to provide reference for the popularization and application of ecological restoration of soil plant microorganisms.[Methods] A combined remediation experiment using the indigenous crude-oil degradation bacteria agent and the native plant (Calendula officinalis) as materials had been conducted for in-situ ecological remediation of crude-oil contaminated soil for 285 days. The changes and seasonal responses to the in-situ ecological remediation of soil physicochemical property

enzyme activity and microbial-community property were investigated using conventional methods.[Results] (1) Soil TPHs degradation rate in summer (24.62%±3.96%) and fall (29.93%±1.94%) were higher than those in spring (3.82%±0.91%) and winter (9.24%±0.87%) during the process of in-situ ecological remediation. (2) There were obvious interactions between remediation treatment and seasonal variation with regard to soil physicochemical property and enzyme activity (p<0.05). Soil pH value

salt content and organic content were lower and soil nutrient were higher in fall in comparison with that of other seasons (p<0.05)

respectively. (3) Evenness index of soil microbial community was less in spring (p<0.05)

and its richness index was higher in summer (p<0.05)

as well as the Shannon-Wiener index was higher in summer and fall (p<0.05). (4) Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis suggested that the seasonal difference of soil TPHs degradation rate was strongly affected by the richness index (r2=0.706 3

p=0.002) and soil available phosphous (r2=0.615 7

p=0.005). (5) Variation partitioning analysis revealed that the most important combined environmental factor to determine the degradation rate of soil TPHs in cold season (spring and winter) was the interaction between soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activity (54%). However

74% of the soil TPHs variation in warm season was explained by soil physicochemical property

enzyme activity and soil microbial community property.[Conclusion] The low soil TPHs degradation rates in spring and winter were resulted from the low evenness index of soil microbial community and low soil enzymes activity; while richness index and the Shannon-Wiener index of soil microbial community

soil available P and ecological remediation effectiveness all resulted to the high soil TPHs degradation rate in summer and fall.

关键词

Keywords

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