基于ESAI的黄土高原荒漠化风险评估

张建香; 张多勇; 刘万锋; 胡爱萍; 王东; 胡剑桥

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.02.051

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基于ESAI的黄土高原荒漠化风险评估

试验研究

- 基于ESAI的黄土高原荒漠化风险评估
- ESAI Based Assessment of Desertification Risk in Loess Plateau
- 水土保持通报 2017年37卷第2期页码：339-344
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 陇东学院土木工程学院,甘肃,庆阳,745000
  2. 甘肃省高校黄土的工程性质及工程应用省级重点实验室,甘肃,庆阳,745000
  3. 庆阳市荒漠化防治研究中心,甘肃,庆阳,745000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目“清代同治以来黄土高原马莲河流域荒漠化风险评估与防治研究”（31460090）;2015年甘肃省社科规划项目（YB095）;甘肃省社科规划项目（14YB108）;西峰区科技局科技计划项目（XK2016-06）;庆阳市科技局青年科技基金项目（ZJ2014-08）;甘肃省哲学社会科学规划项目（YB093）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.02.051
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2017
- 稿件说明：
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张建香, 张多勇, 刘万锋, 等. 基于ESAI的黄土高原荒漠化风险评估[J]. 水土保持通报, 2017,37(2):339-344.

ZHANG Jianxiang, ZHANG Duoyong, LIU Wanfeng, et al. ESAI Based Assessment of Desertification Risk in Loess Plateau[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2017, 37(2): 339-344.
张建香, 张多勇, 刘万锋, 等. 基于ESAI的黄土高原荒漠化风险评估[J]. 水土保持通报, 2017,37(2):339-344. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.02.051.

ZHANG Jianxiang, ZHANG Duoyong, LIU Wanfeng, et al. ESAI Based Assessment of Desertification Risk in Loess Plateau[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2017, 37(2): 339-344. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.02.051.

摘要

[目的] 对黄土高原荒漠化风险进行评估，为黄土高原生态环境的恢复、建设和保护提供科学依据。[方法] 通过收集黄土高原的地形、气候、植被、土壤以及社会经济等方面的数据，借助RS和GIS平台，实现黄土高原荒漠化风险评估的空间化和数字化，在此基础上分析荒漠化的成因，构建荒漠化风险评价指标体系，建立基于环境敏感性区指标（ESAI）的荒漠化风险评估模型，分析荒漠化风险程度的空间格局，探索黄土高原不同区域荒漠化形成的主要原因。[结果]（1）基于土壤、气候、植被3种要素的环境敏感区生物物理指标显示：黄土高原大约1/4的区域（25.2%）为高风险区，属于严重荒漠化，几乎2/3的区域（62.8%）是轻微荒漠化，11.5%的地区为潜在荒漠化，只有0.5%的地区无荒漠化现象；（2）加入人类诱发因素后，改变了黄土高原荒漠化风险区的原有格局。其中，极低、低度和极高度敏感区减少了5.6%，1.1%和3.8%；与此同时，较低和较高度敏感区增加了4.4%和4.5%。[结论]（1）该模型能很好地说明黄土高原荒漠化风险的空间分布格局，其荒漠化程度由西北向东南地区逐渐减弱；（2）人类活动已经在一定程度上打破了长期稳定的自然生态系统，并且缩小了不同程度荒漠化之间的差距。

Abstract

[Objective] The risk of desertification was evaluated in Loess Plateau to provide scientific basis for the restoration

construction and protection of ecological environment. [Methods] Data of landform

climate

vegetation

soil and other socio-economic data were collected. Spatialization and digitalization were conducted using GIS and remote sensing. Upon which

desertification reasons were analyzed

and evaluation indices and risk assessment model were framed based on index of environmentally sensitive areas. [Results] (1) According to the bio-physical index in the framed model

under the scenario only considering natural factors as soil

climate and vegetation

25.2% of Loess Plateau was determined as high desertification risk area

where desertification was worst; 62.8% and 11.5% of Loess Plateau were determined as moderate and potential desertification risk areas; only 0.5% was considered having no risk. (2) If both natural factors and human interference were considered

risk area changed: coverages of extreme low

low and extreme high risk levels decreased by 5.6%

1.1% and 3.8%

respectively; whereas

coverages of lower and higher risk levels increased by 4.4% and 4.5%. [Conclusion] (1) The ESAI model can well explain the spatial distribution pattern of desertification risk of Loess Plateau

and the degree of desertification is gradually weakened from the northwest to the southeast. (2) Human activities have upset the long-term evolved stability of the natural eco-system to some extent

and have narrowed the gap between different risk levels of desertification.

关键词

Keywords

references

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