兰州市北山不同人工林枯落物和土壤的水文特征

赵锦梅; 马瑞; 马维伟; 张富

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.01.010

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兰州市北山不同人工林枯落物和土壤的水文特征

试验研究

- 兰州市北山不同人工林枯落物和土壤的水文特征
- Hydrological Characteristics of Planted Forest Litters and Soil in Northern Mountains of Lanzhou City
- 水土保持通报 2017年37卷第1期页码：57-61
- 作者机构：
  
  甘肃农业大学林学院,甘肃,兰州,730070
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  甘肃省高等学校科研项目“兰州市南北两山人工生态林枯落物特征及其水文效应的异质性研究”（2014A-057）;甘肃省自然科学资金项目“植被退化对尕海湿地凋落物积累与分解的影响及机理”（1506RJZA015）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.01.010
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2017
- 稿件说明：
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赵锦梅, 马瑞, 马维伟, 等. 兰州市北山不同人工林枯落物和土壤的水文特征[J]. 水土保持通报, 2017,37(1):57-61.

ZHAO Jinmei, MA Rui, MA Weiwei, et al. Hydrological Characteristics of Planted Forest Litters and Soil in Northern Mountains of Lanzhou City[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2017, 37(1): 57-61.
赵锦梅, 马瑞, 马维伟, 等. 兰州市北山不同人工林枯落物和土壤的水文特征[J]. 水土保持通报, 2017,37(1):57-61. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.01.010.

ZHAO Jinmei, MA Rui, MA Weiwei, et al. Hydrological Characteristics of Planted Forest Litters and Soil in Northern Mountains of Lanzhou City[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2017, 37(1): 57-61. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.01.010.

摘要

[目的

]

探讨兰州市北山3种人工林地枯落物的储量和持水能力及土壤的水文特征，为揭示干旱地区人工林水土保持和水源涵养能力提供理论依据。[方法

]

采用野外调查、室内浸水法和环刀法等研究方法对林地的枯落物蓄积量、持水量和土壤的渗透性、持水能力等进行了研究。[结果

]

3种林地枯落物的总蓄积量表现为：新疆杨（36.74 t/hm

）> 侧柏（34.15 t/hm

）> 刺槐（16.01 t/hm

）。新疆杨林地枯落物最大持水量最大，为7.36 t/hm

；而刺槐林地最大持水量最小，仅为4.91 t/hm

。3种林地中土壤容重表现为：新疆杨（1.466 g/cm

）> 刺槐（1.403 g/cm

）> 侧柏（1.27 g/cm

）；而土壤总孔隙度、毛管孔隙和非毛管孔隙均表现为侧柏> 刺槐> 新疆杨。土壤最大持水量为：侧柏（0.731 g/cm

）> 刺槐（0.642 g/cm

）> 新疆杨（0.633 g/cm

）。侧柏的初渗率和平均渗透速率均显著高于新疆杨和刺槐林地（

0.05），且侧柏林地在整个渗透时间内其渗透性均高于新疆杨和刺槐林地。[结论

]

在3种人工林地中侧柏林地的土壤保持和水源涵养能力最强。

Abstract

[Objective] The aim of the study is to investigate the accumulation and water-holding capacity of litters and soil hydrological characteristics in three different artificial forests in northern mountains of Lanzhou City and to provide theoretical support for the capacity of soil and water conservation of artificial forests in arid regions.[Methods] We carried out field investigation

and used indoor immersion method and cutting ring method to determine the litter volumes and water holding capacity as well as soil permeability and water holding capacity. [Results] The litter of Populus alba var. pyramidalis(36.74 t/hm2)> Platycladus orientalis(34.15 t/hm2)> Robinia pseudoacacia(16.01 t/hm2). The P. alba var. pyramidalis had the highest of maximum water-holding capacity(7.36 t/hm2) while R. pseudoacaciahas the smallest(4.91 t/hm2). The bulk density was P. alba var pyramidalis(1.466 g/cm3)> R. pseudoacacia(1.403 g/cm3)> Platycladus orientalis(1.27 g/cm3). The total soil porosity

non-capillary porosity and capillary porosity were P. orientalis > R. pseudoacacia > P. alba var. pyramidalis. The biggest soil water holding capacity was P. orientalis(0.731 g/cm3)> R. pseudoacacia(0.642 g/cm3)> P. alba var. pyramidalis(0.633 g/cm3). The soil infiltration rate of P. orientalis was significantly higher than other forest lands(p<0.05). [Conclusion] Among the three kinds of forest lands

P. orientalis forest land can promote the regional soil and water conservation capacity.

关键词

Keywords

references

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