河水漫溢干扰对土壤盐分的影响——以塔里木河下游为例

徐海量; 张沛; 赵新风; 张鹏; 凌红波

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2016.05.008

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河水漫溢干扰对土壤盐分的影响——以塔里木河下游为例

试验研究

- 河水漫溢干扰对土壤盐分的影响——以塔里木河下游为例
- Effect of River-flooding on Soil Salinity in Lower Reaches of Tarim River
- 水土保持通报 2016年36卷第5期页码：1-6
- 作者机构：
  
  中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆,乌鲁木齐,830011
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目“塔里木河下游输水工程生态变化的量化研究及价值评估”（31370551），“干旱区典型流域人工与天然绿洲面积转化过程与适宜比例”（31400466），“塔里木河绿洲适宜配比及水量调控”（41471099），“漫溢干扰对植被群落动态及主要建群植物种群分布格局的影响”（41171427）
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2016.05.008
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2016
- 稿件说明：
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徐海量, 张沛, 赵新风, 等. 河水漫溢干扰对土壤盐分的影响——以塔里木河下游为例[J]. 水土保持通报, 2016,36(5):1-6.

XU Hailiang, ZHANG Pei, ZHAO Xinfeng, et al. Effect of River-flooding on Soil Salinity in Lower Reaches of Tarim River[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2016, 36(5): 1-6.
徐海量, 张沛, 赵新风, 等. 河水漫溢干扰对土壤盐分的影响——以塔里木河下游为例[J]. 水土保持通报, 2016,36(5):1-6. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2016.05.008.

XU Hailiang, ZHANG Pei, ZHAO Xinfeng, et al. Effect of River-flooding on Soil Salinity in Lower Reaches of Tarim River[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2016, 36(5): 1-6. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2016.05.008.

摘要

[目的] 探索漫溢后出现明显的植被群落变化的原因和不同漫溢方式对表层土壤盐分的影响，为塔里木河下游植被恢复和人工植被的重建提供理论依据。[方法] 利用土壤溶液电导率法测定塔里木河下游漫溢区和非漫溢区399个表层土壤样品中盐分含量，探讨不同漫溢干扰方式对土壤盐分的影响。[结果] 塔里木河下游土壤的含盐量较高，但在漫溢干扰后土壤表层盐分均出现明显的下降；漫溢方式对土壤盐分的影响显著，表现为漫溢前的土壤总盐含量与多次漫溢后差异达极显著，与少次漫溢和冲刷差异显著，与长期渍水差异不显著。[结论] 漫溢干扰后土壤表层盐分有所降低是植被发生明显变化的原因，其中中等频次和持续时间的漫溢干扰更有利于表层土壤盐分的淋洗和植被的恢复。

Abstract

[Objective] The objective of the study is to explain changes in natural vegetation communities after flooding and explore the impacts of different flooding modes on surface soil salinity and to provide the theoretical basis for vegetation restoration and reconstruction of artificial vegetation in lower reaches of Tarim river.[Methods] Based on the long-term field investigation

this paper measured the salt content of 399 surface soil samples collected from water flooding area and non-water flooding area with electric conductivity method

and discussed the effects of different flooding disturbances on salt content in surface soil.[Results] The total soil salt contents in the lower reaches of Tarim river were generally higher

which affected the distribution and growth of nature vegetation

but after flooding disturbance

the salinity of surface soil declined significantly. The results of ANOVA analysis about soil salinity of surface soil under different flooding modes showed that the effect of higher frequency on the total soil salt contents were more significant than lower frequency

but long-term submerge was disadvantageous for soil desalination

so the effect of flooding mode for soil salinity were significant.[Conclusion] The natural vegetation community varied after flooding for the decline of salinity in surface soil

and flooding disturbance with intermediate frequency and duration was beneficial for the ecology restoration in the lower reaches of the Tarim river.

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