[Objective] Correlations among precipitation

soil water and river water were analyzed in Dayekou Basin of Qilian Mountains in order to explore the ecological and hydrological processes of basin and river runoff formation. [Methods] More than 380 thousand data observed artificially for 18 years and obtained automatically for 2 years were processed using methods of characteristic-parameters algorithm

correlation analysis and multiple regression. [Results] (1) The annual precipitation

air humidity and river runoff depth averaged over the 18 years' artificial observations were 374.06 mm

60.91% and 166.73 mm

respectively. The river runoff accounted annually for 44.57% of the precipitation. The precipitation

air humidity and river runoff all showed rising trends with average rates of 18 mm/10 a

1.12%/10 a and 18 mm/10 a

respectively. (2) The precipitation

air humidity

soil moisture and river runoff varied intra-annually in step. (3) With the height increase from forest ground

the influence of precipitation on air humidity decreased; In 0-80 cm soil profile

with the increase of soil depth

the influence of precipitation on soil moisture also decreased . (4) The relationship between rainfall

air humidity

soil water

river water more closely

the regression model among precipitation

air humidity

soil moisture and river runoff can interpreted the 95.2% and 88.8% and 97.6% variances of precipitation

soil moisture and river runoff

respectively

and with averaged prediction accuracies of 93.4%

84.6% and 96.7%. [Conclusion] The proportional allocation among precipitation

soil water

river water could be quantified and regulated. The data acquiring methods of manual observation and automatic monitoring could well solve the ecological and hydrological processes research in river basin.