1. 宁波大学 地理与空间信息技术系,浙江,宁波,315211
2. 浙江省海洋文化与经济研究中心,浙江,宁波,315211
3. 宁波大学 学报编辑部,浙江,宁波,315211
4. 象山县海洋与渔业局 海洋资源管理中心, 浙江 象山,315700
5. 南佛罗里达大学 地理系,佛罗里达,坦帕,美国,33620
纸质出版:2016
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刘永超, 李加林, 史小丽, 等. 综合研究1985-2015年美国Tampa Bay流域景观生态风险态势研判[J]. 水土保持通报, 2016,36(3):125-130.
LIU Yongchao, LI Jialin, SHI Xiaoli, et al. Landscape Ecological Risk Assessment in Tampa Bay Watershed of America During 1985-2015[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2016, 36(3): 125-130.
刘永超, 李加林, 史小丽, 等. 综合研究1985-2015年美国Tampa Bay流域景观生态风险态势研判[J]. 水土保持通报, 2016,36(3):125-130. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2016.03.023.
LIU Yongchao, LI Jialin, SHI Xiaoli, et al. Landscape Ecological Risk Assessment in Tampa Bay Watershed of America During 1985-2015[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2016, 36(3): 125-130. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2016.03.023.
[目的] 探究坦帕湾流域景观生态风险的时空变化态势,为中国港湾流域开发利用与保护规划提供科学借鉴。[方法] 以1985,1995,2005及2015年4个时期的TM/OLI遥感影像为主要数据源,结合土地利用数据,构建景观生态风险格局演变模型,对美国坦帕湾流域景观格局及生态风险的时空特征进行了分析。[结果] (1) 研究期间,坦帕湾流域人工景观面积明显大于自然景观面积。(2) 1985年,坦帕湾流域景观低、较低等级生态风险区占流域总面积的24.16%和20.30%。1995年以后,低、较低等级生态风险区面积均有减少,中等生态风险区面积显著增加。至2015年,高、较高等级生态风险区面积与前20 a相比仍在增加。(3) 30 a来坦帕湾流域内的生态风险等级由低向高转变的总面积为3 210.84 km
2
,约占全流域总面积的48.65%,较高、高生态风险等级沿港湾海域一侧区域继续扩张,大陆一侧东北部逐渐零星出现。[结论] 受人类活动的影响,近30 a来坦帕湾流域景观及生态风险格局时空变化显著,但后10 a生态风险等级上升速率明显低于前20 a,说明人类在开发利用港湾资源的同时,也逐渐注重港湾流域生态环境的保护与管理。
[Objective] We study the landscape ecological risk in Tampa Bay watershed of America at temporal and spatial scale in order to provide scientific reference for exploitation
utilization and protection of Chinese harbor basin.[Methods] The TM/OLI remote sensing data in Tampa Bay watershed in 1985
1995
2005 and 2015 and the land use data were collected as the main data source
the landscape ecological risk evolution model was constructed
and the temporal and spatial characteristics of landscape pattern and ecological risk in Tampa Bay watershed was analyzed.[Results] (1) The area of artificial landscape was significantly larger than the area of natural landscape. (2) In 1985
the low and relative low ecological risk area accounted for 24.16% and 20.30%
respectively
in the Tampa Bay watershed. After 1995
the low and relative low ecological risk area was decreased
while the moderate ecological risk area was increased significantly. High and relative high ecological risk area was keep increasing until 2015. (3) During the last 30 years
about 3 210.84 km2 of low ecological risk area was converted to high risk area
which accounted for 48.65% of the total area in the whole basin. The high ecological risk area expanded along the harbor side
and sporadic distributed in the mainland side of the Northeast area.[Conclusion] Impacted by human activities
the changes of landscape pattern and ecological risk in the Tampa Bay basin watershed was great during the past 30 years. The increasing rate of ecological risk level within the later 10 years was significantly lower than that at the initial 20 years. More attention has been paid on the protection and management of the ecological environment with the development and utilization of resources in the harbor.
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