1. 安徽师范大学 国土资源与旅游学院,安徽,芜湖,241000
2. 安徽自然灾害过程与防控研究省级实验室,安徽,芜湖,241000
3. 安徽师范大学 江淮流域气候变化与水资源研究中心,安徽,芜湖,241000
4. 中国气象局 国家气候中心,北京,100081
纸质出版:2016
移动端阅览
陆苗, 高超, 姚梦婷, 等. 淮河流域极端降水概率分布模型及其应用[J]. 水土保持通报, 2016,36(2):197-203.
LU Miao, GAO Chao, YAO Mengting, et al. Probability Distribution Model and its Application on Extreme Precipitation in Huaihe River Basin[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2016, 36(2): 197-203.
陆苗, 高超, 姚梦婷, 等. 淮河流域极端降水概率分布模型及其应用[J]. 水土保持通报, 2016,36(2):197-203. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2016.02.038.
LU Miao, GAO Chao, YAO Mengting, et al. Probability Distribution Model and its Application on Extreme Precipitation in Huaihe River Basin[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2016, 36(2): 197-203. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2016.02.038.
[目的] 研究淮河流域极端降水最优概率分布模型
旨在为洪水计算规范修改和调整提供参考。[方法] 基于淮河流域110个气象站点1959-2008年的日降水资料
通过年最大值法(AM)及超门限峰法(POT)分别建立极端降水AM及POT序列
比较两者捕捉极端降水的适用性
建立淮河流域极端降水最优概率分布模型
并对其应用进行探讨。[结果](1) 在研究流域极端降水空间分布上
POT序列适用性更强
能较好捕捉降水极值。在研究极端降水时间变化上
AM序列更合理;(2) 经K-S法检验
Wakeby函数是AM及POT序列的最优概率分布模型
优于水利工程标准曲线PearsonⅢ函数
且Wakeby函数的中部拟合效果比尾部更优。[结论] 最优概率分布模型在气候变化的研究中得到较好地应用
近25 a来淮河流域极端降水强度呈增长趋势
且频率增大
需加强对该流域极端降水灾害的防治减灾工作。
[Objective] Studying the optimal probability distribution model of extreme precipitation in order to provide basis for the standard modification of flood calculation method. [Methods] Based on the daily precipitation data from 110 meteorological stations during 1959-2008 in the Huaihe River basin
annual maximum series(AM) and peak over threshold series(POT) were established to compare the applicability of them. The optimal probability distribution models of extreme precipitation for AM and POT were established and the applications were discussed. [Results] In the study of spatial distribution of extreme precipitation
POT was proved to be more reasonable than AM. In dealing with temporal sequence
AM was more reasonable. Checked by K-S method
Wakeby was the optimal function for the two kinds of series. The estimation accuracy of Wakeby was higher than the performance of Pearson Ⅲ
which is regarded as the standard frequency curve in the water conservancy project; especially
the middle part of Wakeby fitted better than its tail did. [Conclusion] The probability distribution model can get a better application in the climate change. The extreme precipitation showed an increasing trend during 1984-2008 and the frequency is increasing. The government needs to take some measures to deal with extreme precipitation disasters.
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