秸秆覆盖对三峡库区坡面侵蚀的影响

严坤; 王玉宽; 徐佩; 王丰; 刘勤

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2016.01.002

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

秸秆覆盖对三峡库区坡面侵蚀的影响

试验研究

- 秸秆覆盖对三峡库区坡面侵蚀的影响
- Effects of Mulch Cover on Slope Erosion in Three Gorges Reservoir Area
- 水土保持通报 2016年36卷第1期页码：6-10
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川,成都,610041
  2. 中国科学院大学,北京,100049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目"三峡库区农户生计与生态系统服务耦合关系与调控机制研究"(41371539)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2016.01.002
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2016
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
严坤, 王玉宽, 徐佩, 等. 秸秆覆盖对三峡库区坡面侵蚀的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2016,36(1):6-10.

YAN Kun, WANG Yukuan, XU Pei, et al. Effects of Mulch Cover on Slope Erosion in Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2016, 36(1): 6-10.
严坤, 王玉宽, 徐佩, 等. 秸秆覆盖对三峡库区坡面侵蚀的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2016,36(1):6-10. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2016.01.002.

YAN Kun, WANG Yukuan, XU Pei, et al. Effects of Mulch Cover on Slope Erosion in Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2016, 36(1): 6-10. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2016.01.002.

摘要

[目的] 分析农作物秸秆不同覆盖处理对坡面产流、产沙影响

为三峡库区坡耕地水土保持措施优化提供技术支持. [方法] 利用人工模拟降雨技术

分析了5种不同雨强下不同秸秆覆盖处理的径流、泥沙过程. [结果] 坡面覆盖秸秆能推迟坡面初始产流.在小雨强时

秸秆覆盖推迟初始产流显著

但随着雨强的增加

推迟初始产流的作用降低.在坡面下坡段覆盖秸秆推迟初始产流效果优于在坡面上坡段覆盖秸秆.对于产流产沙而言

在坡面上坡段覆盖秸秆与无覆盖差异不显著

但在坡面下坡段覆盖秸秆时径流模数和侵蚀模数为无覆盖的61.57%~69.1%和14.54%~18.31%

且减少地表径流和泥沙流失效果优于在坡面上坡段覆盖.秸秆覆盖后土壤流失比(SLR)介于0.022~0.611之间

且随着覆盖率的增加而降低

在坡面下坡段覆盖秸秆SLR值在上坡段的1/4. [结论] 合理选择农作物秸秆在坡面覆盖的坡位及覆盖度

能有效降低坡面产流与侵蚀产沙

产生较好的水土保持效应.

Abstract

[Objective] The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of different straw mulching treatments on slope runoff and sediment yield in order to provide technical support for soil and water conservation measures in sloping land. [Methods] Simulated rainfall was conducted to assess the effects of straw mulching on slope runoff and sediment yield under different rainfall intensity. [Results] Straw mulch could delay the initial runoff-yielding time

especially under lower rainfall intensity. As the rainfall intensity increased

the differences among all treatments decreased. The initial runoff-yielding time in the lower slope was longer than that in the upper slope. The mean runoff modulus and erosion modulus in the lower slope accounts for 61.57%~69.1% and 14.54%~18.31% of that in the bare land

respectively. The soil loss ratio(SLR) value ranged from 0.022 to 0.611

and in lower slope it accounted for 25% of that in the upper slope. The soil loss ratio decreased with the increase of straw mulching coverage. [Conclusion] Choosing the optimal straw mulching position and coverage can effectively reduce surface runoff and sediment yield

and it is of great importance for soil and water conservation in the Three Gorges reservoir area.

关键词

Keywords

references

庞庆,王益谦.农田生态系统养分平衡及其面源污染研究:以四川省为例[J].中国环保产业,2004(6):17-19.

何毓蓉,等.中国紫色土,下篇[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.

许峰,蔡强国,吴淑安,等.三峡库区坡地生态工程程控制土壤养分流失研究:以等高植物篱为例[J].地理研究,2000,19(3):303-310.

唐佐芯,王克勤.草带措施对坡耕地产流产沙和氮磷迁移的控制作用[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(4):17-22.

许书军.三峡库区农业非点源污染源调查分析及过程评价[D].重庆:西南农业大学,2004.

王育红,姚宇卿.残茬和秸秆覆盖对黄土坡耕地水土流失的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2002,20(4):109-11.

林超文,罗春燕,庞良玉,等.不同耕作和覆盖方式对紫色丘陵区坡耕地水土及养分流失的影响[J].生态学报,2010,30(22):6091-6101.

向达兵,雍太文,杨文钰,等.不同种植模式对西南坡地水土保持及作物产值的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(6):1461-1467.

刘立晶,高焕文,李洪文.秸秆覆盖对降雨入渗影响的试验研究[J].中国农业大学学报,2004,9(5):12-15.

Doring T F, Brandt M, He β J, et al. Effects of straw mulch on soil nitrate dynamics, weeds, yield and soil erosion in organically grown potatoes[J]. Field Crops Research, 2005,94(2/3):238-249.

Holt R,卫中平.作物秸秆土壤侵蚀与植物养分之间的关系[J].水土保持科技情报,1991(1):33-36.

Edwards L, Burney J R, Richter G, et al. Evaluation of compost and straw mulching on soil-loss characteristics in erosion plots of potatoes in Prince Edward Island, Canada[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2000,81(3):217-22.

Edwards L M, Volk A, Burney J R. Mulching potatoes: Aspects of mulch management systems and soil erosion[J]. American journal of potato research, 2000,77(4):225-232.

唐涛,郝明德,单凤霞.人工降雨条件下秸秆覆盖减少水土流失的效应研究[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(1):9-11.

张展.用作物秸秆减小涌灌对土壤的侵蚀[J].水利科技与经济,1996,2(3):147-151.

郑子成,吴发启,何淑勤,等.地表糙度对径流和产沙影响的室内试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(10):19-24.

代数,蒋光毅,夏清,等.坡度和雨强对重庆市黄壤旱坡地产流产沙特征的影响[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(4):1-5.

杨晓芬,吴发启,马波,等.黄土坡耕地玉米作物的防蚀作用研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2012,40(10):97-102.

张岩,刘宝元,史培军,等.黄土高原土壤侵蚀作物覆盖因子计算[J].生态学报,2011,21(7):1050-1056.

Renschler C S, Mannaerts C, Diekkrüger B. Evaluating spatial and temporal variability in soil erosion risk-rainfall erosivity and soil loss ratios in Andalusia, Spain[J]. Catena, 1999,34(3/4):209-225.

浏览量

1017

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

秸秆覆盖量对不同容重黑土坡耕地水土流失的影响

模拟降雨条件下两种城市灌木的水土保持效应

2013—2023年三峡库区植被覆盖度时空变化及其驱动力

东北黑土区秸秆覆盖免耕坡耕地不同坡位土壤质量评价

"长治"工程对三峡库区环境人口容量的影响