不同底栖生物扰动对沉积物渗透性的影响

程丹东; 王元元; 宋进喜; 孙雅琪; 张国涛

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20151009.001

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不同底栖生物扰动对沉积物渗透性的影响

试验研究

- 不同底栖生物扰动对沉积物渗透性的影响
- Influences of Bioturbations on Vertical Hydraulic Conductivity Diversity of Sediments
- 水土保持通报 2015年35卷第5期页码：77-81
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北大学城市与环境学院,陕西,西安,710127
  2. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金"北方河流潜流带水交换变化机理与数值模拟"(51379175),"典型物理化学作用下河床渗透系数变化机理研究"(51079123);陕西省重点科技创新团队计划(2014KCT-27);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20136101110001)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20151009.001
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2015
- 稿件说明：
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程丹东, 王元元, 宋进喜, 等. 不同底栖生物扰动对沉积物渗透性的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2015,35(5):77-81.

CHENG Dandong, WANG Yuanyuan, SONG Jinxi, et al. Influences of Bioturbations on Vertical Hydraulic Conductivity Diversity of Sediments[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2015, 35(5): 77-81.
程丹东, 王元元, 宋进喜, 等. 不同底栖生物扰动对沉积物渗透性的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2015,35(5):77-81. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20151009.001.

CHENG Dandong, WANG Yuanyuan, SONG Jinxi, et al. Influences of Bioturbations on Vertical Hydraulic Conductivity Diversity of Sediments[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2015, 35(5): 77-81. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.20151009.001.

摘要

[目的] 探讨不同生物扰动对沉积物成分、粒径分布和渗透性的影响

为河流污染治理与潜流带修复提供科学依据。[方法] 通过室内模拟沉积物中摇蚊幼虫(Chironomid larvae)

颤蚓(Tubificid)和尖膀胱螺(Physa acuta)的生物扰动过程

研究不同底栖生物扰动对河流潜流带沉积物渗透系数的影响。[结果] 混合生物组中

摇蚊幼虫和尖膀胱螺组合为渗透性能加强最大的一组。生物扰动作用通过改变沉积物的物理特性促使其结构疏松

孔隙增大

从而对沉积物颗粒粒径大小和分布区域产生明显干预作用

从而影响沉积物的渗透性。摇蚊幼虫对沉积物成分变化及粒径分布影响最大

使沉积物渗透性增强;颤蚓的淤塞作用主要发生在水-沉积物界面以下3~9 cm

导致渗透性减弱;尖膀胱螺对沉积物粒径分布的影响不明显。[结论] 在同一沉积物环境条件下

单一物种组中摇蚊幼虫和尖膀胱螺对沉积物的渗透性呈促进作用

摇蚊幼虫的促进效果比尖膀胱螺更显著

颤蚓对沉积物渗透性呈削弱作用。

Abstract

[Objective] We analyzed the impact of bioturbations on sediment composition

particle size distribution and permeability in order to provide a scientific basis for river pollution control and undercurrent belt repair.[Methods] We investigated the effects of different invertebrates on vertical hydraulic conductivity(VHC) through simulating sediments distrubed by Chironomid larvae

Tubificid and Physa acuta in laboratory conditions.[Results] C. larvae and P. acuta had the greatest impact on permeability. The clogging effect by Tubificid mainly occurred in 3-9 cm under water-sediment interface

resulted in reducing hydraulic conductivity. The granularity effect and distribution characteristics by P. acuta were barely discernible.[Conclusion] Bioturbation of both Chironomid larvae and Physa acuta improves the VHC of sediments

while bioturbation of C. larvae is more remarkable

comparatively. In contrast

Tubificid weakens the permeability of sediment. Bioturbation can modify the structure of sediment deposits

and thereby promote the permeability of streambed sediments.

关键词

Keywords

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