施钾方式对高产春玉米根系分布及其活力的影响

张玉芹; 杨恒山; 高聚林; 范秀艳; 梁怀宇

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2015.06.011

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施钾方式对高产春玉米根系分布及其活力的影响

试验研究

- 施钾方式对高产春玉米根系分布及其活力的影响
- Effects of Potassium Fertilization Methods on Root Distribution and Root Vitality of a High-Yield Spring Maize
- 水土保持通报 2015年35卷第6期页码：64-69
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古,通辽,028042
  2. 内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古,呼和浩特,010019
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家科技支撑计划"内蒙古春玉米大面积均衡增产技术集成与示范"(2012BAD04B0,013BAD07B04);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2012MS0314);内蒙古民族大学博士启动项目(S265)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2015.06.011
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2015
- 稿件说明：
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张玉芹, 杨恒山, 高聚林, 等. 施钾方式对高产春玉米根系分布及其活力的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2015,35(6):64-69.

ZHANG Yuqin, YANG Hengshan, GAO Julin, et al. Effects of Potassium Fertilization Methods on Root Distribution and Root Vitality of a High-Yield Spring Maize[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2015, 35(6): 64-69.
张玉芹, 杨恒山, 高聚林, 等. 施钾方式对高产春玉米根系分布及其活力的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2015,35(6):64-69. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2015.06.011.

ZHANG Yuqin, YANG Hengshan, GAO Julin, et al. Effects of Potassium Fertilization Methods on Root Distribution and Root Vitality of a High-Yield Spring Maize[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2015, 35(6): 64-69. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2015.06.011.

摘要

[目的

]

探讨施钾方式(一次性施入和钾肥后移)对高产春玉米根系特性的影响

为高产春玉米钾素养分调控提供理论依据。[方法

]

以金山27玉米为供试品种

2个施钾水平(K

O 150和300 kg/hm

)及施钾后移处理下

测定不同生育时期各土层根系干物质重、根系活力及其酶活性

成熟期测定根条数、根幅。[结果

]

300 kg/hm

施钾水平与150 kg/hm

施钾水平相比

各土层根系干重增加

尤以吐丝前0-20 cm土层为根干重增加幅度最大

20-60 cm土层根干重占总干重比例减小

尤以乳熟期为甚;各土层根条数、最大根幅增加

最大根幅下移;各生育时期各土层根系活力、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和过氧化物酶(POD)活性随施钾量增加而增加

丙二醛(MDA)含量下降。相同施钾水平下

施钾后移各生育时期0-60 cm各土层根系干重减小;0-20 cm土层根干重占总干重比例增加;最大根幅、根条数及最大根幅深度均减少

且随土层深度增加差异增大;各土层根系活力、SOD酶活性和POD酶活性降低

MAD含量增加。[结论

]

300 kg/hm

施钾量较150 kg/hm

施钾量促进玉米根系生长

且延缓根系衰老

尤其可促进深层根系的生长;同一施钾水平下

施钾后移则促进作用不明显

甚至降低了根系的干重。

Abstract

[Objective] To provide some bases for nutrient regulation of high yield maize

the effects of potassium fertilization on root vitality of a high yield spring maize were investigated. Potassium fertilization had application level treatment with two levels of 150 and 300 kg/hm2 and application method treatment with levels of once-and-base fertilizer and postponed application.[Methods] A maize cultivar

Jinshan 27

was used as the test material. Its dry root weight

root vigor

activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(POD)

and malondialdehyde(MDA) content were measured at each stage; root number and root width were measured at mature stage.[Results] Root dry weight at 300 kg/hm2 application level was greater than that at 150 kg/hm2

especially it was obvious in 0-20 cm layer before silking stage. The percentage of root weight at 20-60 cm was contrary

especially in milking stage. Root number increased at high application level

and also the biggest root width increased and proliferated deeper. At high application level

vigor

SOD and POD activities of root in all growth period increased

while MDA content decreased. Root weight of postponed fertilization at 0-40 cm soil layer was less than that of once-and-base fertilization method; while

the percentage of root weight at 0-20 cm soil layer was relatively great. Root number

the biggest root width and the layer with the biggest root width of postponed application was lower than that of the once-and base application method

and the differences of these indices between the two methods increased with the increase of soil depth. Root vigor and activities of SOD and POD of postponed application decreased; MDA content increased.[Conclusion] Once-and-base K application could improve the root growth of maize and especially the proliferation at deep layer was promoted; It also delayed the senescence of root. These effects were not observed

and moreover the contrary effects it were for postponed application.

关键词

Keywords

references

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