1. 云南大学 国际河流与生态安全研究院,云南,昆明,650091
2. 云南省水利水电科学研究院,云南,昆明,650228
3. 云南省国际河流与跨境生态安全重点实验室,云南,昆明,650091
纸质出版:2015
移动端阅览
顾治家, 白致威, 段兴武, 等. 南汀河流域土壤侵蚀的时空分异[J]. 水土保持通报, 2015,35(5):334-339.
GU Zhijia, BAI Zhiwei, DUAN Xingwu, et al. Spatial and Temporal Variations of Soil Erosion in Nanting River Basin[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2015, 35(5): 334-339.
顾治家, 白致威, 段兴武, 等. 南汀河流域土壤侵蚀的时空分异[J]. 水土保持通报, 2015,35(5):334-339. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2015.05.062.
GU Zhijia, BAI Zhiwei, DUAN Xingwu, et al. Spatial and Temporal Variations of Soil Erosion in Nanting River Basin[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2015, 35(5): 334-339. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2015.05.062.
[目的
]
分析南汀河流域坡面土壤侵蚀的时空分异特征
为流域水土保持和边疆生态环境建设提供科学参考。[方法
]
基于通用土壤流失方程(USLE)
运用RS和GIS技术计算南汀河流域1990
2000及2010年3个时段的土壤侵蚀模数。[结果
]
3个时段内研究区侵蚀模数呈现先升后降的趋势
年均侵蚀模数从24.75 t/(hm
2
·a)升到30.05 t/(hm
2
·a)
然后降为25.87 t/(hm
2
·a)。3个时段内
流域内强烈侵蚀及其以上的侵蚀面积仅占总侵蚀面积的19.94%
但对流域总侵蚀量的贡献高达73.56%。1990-2000年
强烈及强烈以下侵蚀面积减少了1059.85 km
2
强烈侵蚀以上的侵蚀面积则增加了112.29 km
2
;2000-2010年
微度侵蚀面积有小幅增加
其余侵蚀等级的侵蚀面积都有所下降。当坡度小于20°时
侵蚀模数随着坡度的增加而增加
坡度超过20°后
侵蚀模数有降低的趋势;从海拔上看
高侵蚀模数区域主要位于海拔500~2000 m范围。[结论
]
流域内的土壤侵蚀治理已初见成效
但在局部地区
土壤侵蚀仍有加剧现象。
[Objective] We aimed to analyze the spatial and temporal variations of soil erosion in Nanting river basin in order to provide the scientific basis for soil and water conservation and frontier ecological environment construction.[Methods] Based on the universal soil loss equation(USLE)
RS and GIS technologies were applied to estimate the soil erosion modulus in Nanting river basin in 1990
2000 and 2010.[Results] Erosion modulus showed an initial increasing trend and followed by a decreasing trend during the study period. The average annual erosion modulus increased from 24.75 t/(hm2·a) in 1990 to 30.05 t/(hm2·a) in 2000
and then decreased to 25.87 t/(hm2·a) in 2000. Although the intensive and extreme intensive erosions only accounted for 19.94% of the total erosion area
they contributed as much as 73.56% of the total amount of erosion in the study area. From 1990 to 2000
the moderate and light erosion areas were reduced by 1059.85 km2
while the extreme intensive erosion areas were increased by 112.29 km2. From 2000 to 2010
the erosion areas for all erosion intensities were decreased
except for the light erosion. The erosion modulus increased with the increase of slope when the slope was less than 20°
while it decreased with the increase of slope when the slope was more than 20°. High erosion modulus was mainly distributed in 500~2000 m.[Conclusion] Soil erosion control has achieved initial success in Nanting river basin
although intensified soil erosion still occurs in local areas.
刘宝元,谢云,张科利.土壤侵蚀预报模型[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2001.
Hudson N. Soil Conservation[M]. State of Iowa, USA:Iowa State University Press, 1995:2-42.
郑粉莉,张勋昌,王建勋,等.WEPP模型及其在黄土高原的应用评价[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
郑粉莉,王占礼,杨勤科.土壤侵蚀学科发展战略[J].水土保持研究,2004,11(4):1-10.
Renard K G, Foster G R, Weesies G A, et al. Predicting Soil Erosion by Water:A Guide to Conservation Planning with the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation[M]. Agriculture Handbook No.703. Washington D C:USDA, 1997.
周伏建,陈明华,林福兴,等.福建省土壤流失预报研究[J].水土保持学报,1995,9(1):25-30.
黄金良,洪华生,张珞平,等.基于GIS和USLE的九龙江流域土壤侵蚀量预测研究[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(5):75-79.
杨子生.滇东北山区坡耕地土壤流失方程研究[J].水土保持通报,1999,19(1):1-9.
Zhou Qiuwen, Yang Shengtian, Zhao Changsen, et al. A soil erosion assessment of the upper Mekong River in Yunnan Province, China[J]. Mountain Research and Development,2014,34(1):36-47.
柴宗新.西南地区水土流失区划[J].山地研究,1995,13(2):121-127.
杨丽娟.南汀河流域生态环境特点及其保护[J].云南环境科学.2000,19(3):44-46.
DuanXingwu, Rong Li, Hu Jinming, et al. Soil organic carbon stocks in the Yunnan Plateau, Southwest China:Spatial variations and environmental controls[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2014,14(10):1643-1658.
Wischmeier W H, Smith D D. Predicting Rainfall Erosion Losses:A Guide To Conservation Planning[M]. Agriculture Handbook No. 537. Washington D C:USDA, 1978.
刘宝元,毕小刚,符素华,等.北京土壤流失方程[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
Renard K G, Freimund J R. Using monthly precipitation data to estimate the R-factor in the revised USLE[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 1994,157(1/2/3/4):287-306.
章文波,谢云,刘宝元.利用日雨量计算降雨侵蚀力的方法研究[J].地理科学,2002,22(6):705-711.
蔡崇法,丁树文,史志华,等.应用USLE模型与地理信息系统IDRISI预测小流域土壤侵蚀量的研究[J].水土保持学报,2000,14(2):19-24.
游松财,李文卿.GIS支持下的土壤侵蚀量估算:以江西省泰和县灌溪乡为例[J].自然资源学报,1999,14(1):61-68.
王万忠,焦菊英.中国的土壤侵蚀因子定量评价研究[J].水土保持通报,1996,16(5):1-20.
中华人民共和国水利部.土壤侵蚀分类分级标准[S].北京:水利水电出版社,2008.
0
浏览量
1246
下载量
0
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
京公网安备11010802024621