1. 陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西,西安,710062
2. 中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,陕西,西安,710075
纸质出版:2015
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罗小庆, 赵景波, 马晓华. 陕西省榆林地区1644-1949年旱灾与干旱气候事件[J]. 水土保持通报, 2015,35(1):311-316.
LUO Xiaoqing, ZHAO Jingbo, MA Xiaohua. Drought Disaster and Drought Events in Yulin Area of Shaanxi Province from 1644 to 1949[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2015, 35(1): 311-316.
罗小庆, 赵景波, 马晓华. 陕西省榆林地区1644-1949年旱灾与干旱气候事件[J]. 水土保持通报, 2015,35(1):311-316. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2015.01.056.
LUO Xiaoqing, ZHAO Jingbo, MA Xiaohua. Drought Disaster and Drought Events in Yulin Area of Shaanxi Province from 1644 to 1949[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2015, 35(1): 311-316. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2015.01.056.
[目的] 揭示榆林地区1644-1949年干旱灾害等级、时间变化及成因。[方法] 根据历史文献统计分析
并应用小波分析等方法。[结果] 在1644-1949年的306 a里
榆林地区有明确记载的旱灾86次
平均每3.6 a发生1次。其中轻度旱灾发生32次
中度旱灾发生41次
大旱灾发生7次
特大旱灾发生6次
分别占旱灾总数的37.2%
47.7%
8.1%和7.0%。榆林地区1644-1949年旱灾变化可分为2个阶段
第Ⅰ阶段为1644-1829年
为旱灾少发阶段;第Ⅱ阶段为1830-1949年
为旱灾多发阶段。该区1876-1879年、1899-1901年和1928-1931年连年发生严重旱灾
代表了3次干旱气候事件的存在
在此期间
榆林地区的气候性质发生了改变
由温带半干旱大陆性季风气候转变为温带干旱非季风气候。榆林地区1644-1949年的旱灾有7 a左右的短周期
14 a左右的中周期
36 a左右的长周期。[结论] 榆林地区旱灾发生的根本原因是当年降水量的减少
大旱灾和特大旱灾发生年的降水量分别减少100 mm余和150 mm余
中小规模的旱灾部分是降水量集中造成
部分是年降水量减少造成的。旱灾等级与频次指示
1644-1829年为气候较湿润阶段
1830-1949年为气候较干旱阶段。
[Objective] To reveal the level
temporal change and reason of drought disasters in Yulin area of Shaanxi Province during the period of 1644-1949.[Methods] Compilation of historical data and wavelet analysis method were used to research relevant problem.[Results] During the 306 years from 1644 to 1949
the drought disasters clearly recorded were 86 times
with average once every 3.6 years. The drought disaster happened 32
41
7 and 6 times for mild
middle
great and serious levels
respectively. The distribution of drought disasters in Yulin area during the period of 1644-1949 could be divided into two stages:from 1644 to 1829 with low drought frequency
from 1830 to 1949 with high drought frequency. The continuous drought disasters from 1876 to 1879
1899 to 1901 and 1928 to 1931 were particularly serious
representing the arid climate event. According to wavelets analysis
it was known that there were mainly 7-year period
14-year period and 36-year period for drought in Yulin area.[Conclusion] Most of the drought were caused by decreasing of precipitation. In general
precipitation decreased more than 100 mm and 150 mm in the years of great and serious drought
separately. Precipitation that distributed non-uniformly and changed greatly in different years was the main cause of mild and middle drought disasters. Grades and times of drought disasters indicates that climate was more humid during 1644 to 1829 than that during 1830-1949.
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