干旱区内陆艾比湖流域景观格局时空变化及生态安全评价

张飞; 塔西甫拉提·; 特依拜; 曹鑫; 丁建丽; 张严俊; 姜红涛

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2015.01.046

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干旱区内陆艾比湖流域景观格局时空变化及生态安全评价

试验研究

- 干旱区内陆艾比湖流域景观格局时空变化及生态安全评价
- Spatial and Temporal Change of Landscape Pattern and Ecological Security Assessment of Ebinur Lake Watershed in Inland Arid Region
- 水土保持通报 2015年35卷第1期页码：249-255
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆,乌鲁木齐,830046
  2. 新疆大学绿洲生态教育部重点实验室,新疆,乌鲁木齐,830046
  3. 新疆大学智慧城市与环境建模普通高校重点实验室,新疆,乌鲁木齐,830046
  4. 北京师范大学全球变化与地球系统科学研究院,北京,100875
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目"变化环境下干旱区内陆艾比湖流域景观格局演变与水资源的相互作用机理研究"(41361045);国家自然科学基金项目"干旱区湖泊流域陆面过程及人类活动适应性:以艾比湖为例"(41130531);新疆维吾尔自治区青年博士科技人才培养项目(2013731002);教育部省部共建重点实验室开放课题(XJDX0201-2012-01);教育部"长江学者和创新团队发展计划"创新团队项目(IRT1180)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2015.01.046
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2015
- 稿件说明：
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张飞, 塔西甫拉提·, 特依拜, 等. 干旱区内陆艾比湖流域景观格局时空变化及生态安全评价[J]. 水土保持通报, 2015,35(1):249-255.

ZHANG Fei, Tashpolat·, Tiyip, et al. Spatial and Temporal Change of Landscape Pattern and Ecological Security Assessment of Ebinur Lake Watershed in Inland Arid Region[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2015, 35(1): 249-255.
张飞, 塔西甫拉提·, 特依拜, 等. 干旱区内陆艾比湖流域景观格局时空变化及生态安全评价[J]. 水土保持通报, 2015,35(1):249-255. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2015.01.046.

ZHANG Fei, Tashpolat·, Tiyip, et al. Spatial and Temporal Change of Landscape Pattern and Ecological Security Assessment of Ebinur Lake Watershed in Inland Arid Region[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2015, 35(1): 249-255. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2015.01.046.

摘要

[目的

]

为了探讨艾比湖流域近10 a间景观格局及生态安全的动态变化。[方法

]

运用RS和GIS技术

并结合景观指数和生态弹性度对该流域生态安全进行了综合评价。[结果

]

(1)近10 a来

艾比湖流域土地利用变化剧烈

说明景观格局持续受社会经济发展两方面矛盾的巨大压力;(2)2001年斑块个数为2560个

而2009年增加至3476个

说明该流域生态环境整体呈破碎化趋势。景观破碎度由2001年的0.0540增加为2009年的0.0733

说明其景观趋于不稳定

生态安全性降低;(3)2001-2009年生态弹性度呈"∧"型变化趋势

先由2001年的1.20×10

增加为2005年的1.57×10

然后再降为2009年的1.49×10

但总体是趋于增大的趋势。[结论

]

从整体上综合考虑

2001-2009年艾比湖流域土地利用的景观生态安全度降低。

Abstract

[Objective] To analyze the spatial and temporal change of landscape pattern and ecological security in the Ebinur Lake watershed in the past 10 years.[Methods] RS and GIS technology were used

and landscape ecological indexes and ecological resilience were combined to comprehensively evaluated the ecological security of the study area.[Results] (1) In the past 10 years

land use/cover had a dramatic change due to socio-economic development. The increasing farmland and decreasing natural vegetation of grassland and woodland resulted in instability of local ecosystem; (2) In 2001

the total number of patches (NP) were 2 560

and it increased to 3 476 in the end of 2009

meanwhile

fragmentation index increased from 0.054 0 to 0.073 3

this indicated that the ecological environment was further fragmentated and became more ecologically unstable; (3) Ecological resilience(ECOres) showed a "∧" shaped trend(inversed "V") from 2001 to 2009. The ECOres index has increased from 1.200×107 in 2001 to 1.568×107 in 2005

and then decreased to 14.86×106 in 2009. As a whole

ECOresindex showed an increasing trend. This increase was owing to the rapid expansion of farmland and gradually declination of woodland

grassland and other natural vegetation coverage. Ecological resilience was changing into unstable status because of the simple ecosystem layout and negative influence of human activities.[Conclusion] As a whole

landscape ecological security of land use/cover was lowered in the Ebinur Lake watershed from 2001 to 2009.

关键词

Keywords

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