T-M水量平衡模型在流域产流计算中的应用

王希; 王秀茹; 贾芳芳; 徐征和

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2015.01.036

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T-M水量平衡模型在流域产流计算中的应用

试验研究

- T-M水量平衡模型在流域产流计算中的应用
- Application of Thornthwaite and Mather Water Balance Model in Runoff Yield Calculation at Watershed Scale
- 水土保持通报 2015年35卷第1期页码：193-198
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 济南大学资源与环境学院,山东,济南,250022
  2. 北京林业大学水土保持学院, 教育部水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室,北京,100083
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  水利部公益性行业科研专项(201201115)
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2015.01.036
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2015
- 稿件说明：
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王希, 王秀茹, 贾芳芳, 等. T-M水量平衡模型在流域产流计算中的应用[J]. 水土保持通报, 2015,35(1):193-198.

WANG Xi, WANG Xiuru, JIA Fangfang, et al. Application of Thornthwaite and Mather Water Balance Model in Runoff Yield Calculation at Watershed Scale[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2015, 35(1): 193-198.
王希, 王秀茹, 贾芳芳, 等. T-M水量平衡模型在流域产流计算中的应用[J]. 水土保持通报, 2015,35(1):193-198. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2015.01.036.

WANG Xi, WANG Xiuru, JIA Fangfang, et al. Application of Thornthwaite and Mather Water Balance Model in Runoff Yield Calculation at Watershed Scale[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2015, 35(1): 193-198. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2015.01.036.

摘要

[目的

]

旨在通过研究流域各月度产水量

对水资源管理和农业灌溉用水调度进行指导。[方法

]

以锦阳川流域为研究对象

运用遥感(remote sensing

RS)和地理信息系统(geographic information system

GIS)提取和处理空间土地利用、土壤及数字高程模型数据

结合降雨、气温及不同植物的根深数据

采用Thornthwaite and Mather(T-M)模型计算了水分亏缺与剩余

土壤水分补给与利用的周期及月度产流量。[结果

]

研究区2011年平水年全年总径流量为281.0 mm

在1

3-4

6和10月

存在水分亏缺及土壤水分利用

面积加权的水分亏缺值为5.8 mm;2月

11-12月降水对土壤水分进行补给;5和7-9月

存在水分剩余

面积加权的剩余值为286.2 mm。丰水年(25%)、平水年(50%)和枯水年(75%)多年平均产水量分别为8.3×10

4.8×10

及2.2×10

。[结论

]

研究区在丰水年(25%)的2

7-11月

平水年(50%)的2-3

7-9月和枯水年(75%)的12-2

7-9月存在水分剩余。

Abstract

[Objective] This paper aims to study the monthly water production to guide water resource management and agriculture irrigation scheduling.[Methods] Per capita water possession is only 290 m3 in Jinan City

which is less than one seventh of the nation's level. So Jinan City is in extreme lack of water resources. By taking Jinyangchuan watershed in southern area of Jinan City as the case research area

this paper estimated the water yield under the assistance of image interpretation of remote sensing(RS) and spatial analysis of geographic information system(GIS). First of all

image preprocessing of TM remote sensing data of 2009 was done under ERDAS IMAGINE 9.1 platform

including image synthesis

mosaic

enhancement and correcting. Seven kinds of land use types were identified through supervised classification

the land use map of study area was produced. Second

the soil map of Jinan was vectorized in ARCGIS 9.3 to get the soil texture map in the study area. Third

this study adopted Thornthwaite and Mather (T-M) water balance model to calculate the water balance

obtained the runoff from various land use-soil texture types and cycle of water deficit

moisture surplus

soil moisture recharge and soil moisture utilization in Jinyangchuan watershed. Finally

the runoff path and sub-watershed were generated with Digital Elevation Model (DEM) in EMS-I.WMS.v8.0 (Watershed Modeling System). Then the sub-watershed map was intersected with land use-soil texture map

runoff yield of every sub-watershed in different hydrological years was calculated using weather data from 1960 to 2 011 and subsequently spatially expressed.[Results] The total annual runoff was 281.0 mm

water yield was 51 million m3 in Jinyangchuan watershed in 2011. In January

March

April

June and October

there was water deficit. In February

November and December the soil water was supplied by precipitation; In May

July to September

there was water surplus. The annual average water yield was separately 83 million m3

48 million m3 and 22 million m3 in wet year

normal flow year and low flow year.[Conclusion] There is water surplus in February

July to November of wet year (25%)

in February

March

July to November of flat water year (50%)

in January

February

July to September

December of dry year (75%).

关键词

Keywords

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