As a current community-wide hot issue

soil and water conservation eco-compensation has aroused extensive attention. Based on the analysis and discrimination of the current theory and practice of soil and water conservation eco-compensation

we further define the core of soil and water conservation eco-compensation

i. e.

the basis of compensation

the subjects of compensation

the objects of compensation

and the standards of compensation

as well as the way of soil and water conservation eco-compensation

i. e.

the policy compensation

project compensation

financial compensation

in-kind compensation

training compensation

employment compensation

moral compensation

etc. In addition

we analyze and assess the main practices of soil and water conservation compensation currently adopted in Yellow River basin

which are setting the concepts and senses of conservation and protection of resources

promoting the sustainable development of ecological environment and enterprises

establishing the mechanism of soil and water conservation eco-compensation initially

providing a model for soil and water conservation eco-compensation

and so on.