Standard runoff plots were built in Jianshan small watershed of Fuxian Lake watershed in Chengjiang County

Yunnan Province.In addition to the control

two types of soil and water conservation measures were set up on the sloping farmland

i.e.

reverse-sloped terraces with 1.2 m interval and grass strips with 2.0 m interval.Surface runoff and sediment yields were monitored after each rain events to compare the water and soil conservation effects of these two measures.It was shown by the study that both surface runoff and sediment yields differed significantly between the two measures.The runoff depth for the reverse-sloped terrace was 113.64 mm during the year

which was 61.9% less than that of the control

while the observed soil loss was 714.7 t/km2

approximately 77.4% less than the control.For the grass strip treatment

the runoff depth was 82.76 mm

72.2% less than the control

whereas the soil loss was 370.1 t/km2

88.3% less than that of the control.Apparently

both measures showed significant benefits in reductions of both surface runoff and soil loss.The average index values of runoff and soil loss reduction were 0.57 and 0.97 for constructing reverse-sloped terrace

and were 0.79 and 0.76 for building grass belts

respectively.The total N and P losses in surface runoff and sediment were also reduced remarkably

by 81.9% and 44.3% for reverse-sloped terrace

and by 74.7% and 83.7% for grass belts

respectively.