Spatial differentiation patterns and driving factors of ecological and economic loss in degraded grassland of West Ujimqin Banner， Inner Monglia

Meng Ke

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.06.039

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Spatial differentiation patterns and driving factors of ecological and economic loss in degraded grassland of West Ujimqin Banner， Inner Monglia

Comprehensive Researches

- Spatial differentiation patterns and driving factors of ecological and economic loss in degraded grassland of West Ujimqin Banner， Inner Monglia
- Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation Vol. 45, Issue 6, Pages: 419-428(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  加州大学圣地亚哥分校，美国加利福尼亚 92122
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.06.039
  CLC： F062.2
- CSTR：32312.14.stbctb.2025.06.039
- Received：05 August 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-10-25，
  
  Published：10 December 2025
- 稿件说明：
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猛克.内蒙古西乌珠穆沁旗退化草原生态经济损失空间分异规律及驱动因子[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(6):419-428.

Meng Ke. Spatial differentiation patterns and driving factors of ecological and economic loss in degraded grassland of West Ujimqin Banner， Inner Monglia [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(6):419-428.
猛克.内蒙古西乌珠穆沁旗退化草原生态经济损失空间分异规律及驱动因子[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(6):419-428. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.06.039. CSTR： 32312.14.stbctb.2025.06.039.

Meng Ke. Spatial differentiation patterns and driving factors of ecological and economic loss in degraded grassland of West Ujimqin Banner， Inner Monglia [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(6):419-428. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.06.039. CSTR： 32312.14.stbctb.2025.06.039.

摘要

目的

研究内蒙古西乌珠穆沁旗退化草原生态经济损失的空间分异规律，识别主要驱动因子，为草原生态保护与恢复决策提供科学依据。

方法

以西乌珠穆沁旗为研究区，基于2021—2023年草原监测资料、Landsat 8 OLI和Sentinel-2遥感影像，采用“遥感识别+地面验证”技术路线识别不同退化等级草原空间分布，构建包含产能损失和生态服务功能损失的经济损失评估模型，运用主成分分析和空间自相关分析等方法，系统测算草地退化经济损失规模及其空间异质性。

结果

截至2023年，西乌珠穆沁旗草原退化面积达8.28×10

hm²，其中轻度退化4.28×10

hm²（28.3%）、中度退化2.66×10

hm²（17.6%）、重度退化1.34×10

hm²（8.8%），尚未突破不可逆退化临界点。草原退化造成的生态经济损失总额达2.62×10

元，其中，生态系统服务功能损失1.50×10

元，牧草减产直接经济损失1.12×10

元。重度退化草原单位面积损失最高（6 433元/hm²），中度退化区对总损失贡献最大（40.4%）。主成分分析表明，单位产草量、退化面积和市场价格是主导驱动因子，累计贡献率达89.6%。经济损失呈显著空间集聚特征（Moran’s

=0.426），高损失区主要分布在人类活动强度较高的东北部、中西部和南部地区。

结论

西乌珠穆沁旗草原退化呈现明显的空间分异特征，中度退化草原是经济损失的主要贡献源，人类活动强度是主导驱动因子。应采取差异化的保护与治理策略，优化区域生态治理体系，实现草原生态系统可持续管理。

Abstract

Objective

The spatial differentiation patterns of ecological and economic losses in degraded grasslands of West Ujimqin Banner， Inner Monglia Autonomous Region were studied and identify the primary driving factors were identified， in order to provide a scientific basis for decision-making in grassland ecological protection and restoration.

Methods

Taking West Ujimqin Banner as the study area， and based on grassland monitoring data from 2021 to 2023， Landsat 8 OLI， and Sentinel-2 remote sensing images， this study employed a “remote sensing identification + ground verification” technical approach to identify the spatial distribution of grasslands under different degradation levels. An economic loss assessment model incorporating productivity loss and ecosystem service function loss was constructed. Subsequently， methods including principal component analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis were employed to systematically calculate the scale of economic loss caused by grassland degradation and its spatial heterogeneity.

Results

As of 2023， the degraded grassland area in West Ujimqin Banner reached 8.28×10

， including lightly degraded grassland of 4.28×10

（28.3%）， moderately degraded grassland of 2.66×10

（17.6%）， and severely degraded grassland of 1.34×10

（8.8%）， which had not exceeded the critical threshold of irreversible degradation. The total ecological and economic loss caused by grassland degradation reached 2.62×10⁹ yuan， including ecosystem service function loss of 1.50×10⁹ yuan and direct loss from forage yield reduction of 1.12×10⁹ yuan. The loss per unit area was highest in severely degraded grasslands （6，433 yuan/hm

）， while moderately degraded areas contributed the most to the total loss （40.4%）. Principal component analysis revealed that forage yield per unit area， degradation area， and market prices were the dominant driving factors， with a cumulative contribution rate of 89.6%. Economic loss exhibited significant spatial clustering characteristics （Moran’s

=0.426）， with high-loss areas mainly distributed in the northeastern， central-western， and southern regions characterized by high intensity of human activities.

Conclusion

Grassland degradation in West Ujimqin Banner exhibits distinct spatial differentiation characteristics. Moderately degraded grasslands are the primary contributors to economic loss， and human activity intensity is the dominant driving factor. Differentiated protection and governance strategies should be adopted to optimize the regional ecological governance system and achieve sustainable management of grassland ecosystems.

关键词

Keywords

references

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