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1.内蒙古农业大学 沙漠治理学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018
2.内蒙古自治区风沙物理与防沙治沙工程重点实验室, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018
Received:10 July 2025,
Revised:2025-08-08,
Published:10 December 2025
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李晓阳, 蒙仲举, 李浩年, 等.雅布赖山风沙口白刺灌丛沙堆形态与防风效能[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(6):98-107.
Li Xiaoyang, Meng Zhongju, Li Haonian, et al. Morphological characteristics and windbreak efficiency of Nitraria tangutorum nebkhas in Yabulai Mountain aeolian pass [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(6):98-107.
李晓阳, 蒙仲举, 李浩年, 等.雅布赖山风沙口白刺灌丛沙堆形态与防风效能[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(6):98-107. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.06.023. CSTR: 32312.14.stbctb.2025.06.023.
Li Xiaoyang, Meng Zhongju, Li Haonian, et al. Morphological characteristics and windbreak efficiency of Nitraria tangutorum nebkhas in Yabulai Mountain aeolian pass [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(6):98-107. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.06.023. CSTR: 32312.14.stbctb.2025.06.023.
目的
2
研究白刺灌丛沙堆形态与防风效能的耦合关系,揭示白刺灌丛不同演化阶段对形态和气流场的影响,明确灌丛结构对防风阻沙效能的影响机制,为荒漠绿洲过渡带生态恢复提供理论依据和数据参考。
方法
2
以雅布赖山风沙口荒漠绿洲过渡带白刺灌丛沙堆为对象,利用野外实测测定灌丛形态,数值模拟分析在3个演化阶段(发育阶段、稳定阶段、衰退阶段)和3种植被盖度(20%,50%及80%)条件下垂直和水平面的风速分布。
结果
2
①白刺灌丛沙堆形态以蝌蚪状椭圆形为主,各形态参数均呈现正相关,随着灌丛沙堆的演化和植被盖度的提高,相关系数也随之增大,发育阶段的各形态参数均最小; ②不同演化阶段的白刺灌丛沙堆在水平距离
x
=1~5
L
(
L
为灌丛长轴),高度
z
=0~0.8
H
(
H
为灌丛高度)范围内显著降低,防风效能较大(40%~95%),形成背风坡减速区;在各演化阶段中,稳定阶段的防风效果最好,达到50%~95%。 ③在3种植被盖度条件下,白刺灌丛沙堆植被盖度为80%时防风效能最高,可达95%。
结论
2
雅布赖山风沙口是风蚀治理的重点区域,可通过优化灌丛形态结构和提高植被盖度等方式削弱其风蚀作用。
Objective
2
The coupling relationship between the morphological characteristics of
Nitraria tangutorum
nebkhas and their windbreak efficiency was investigated in order to reveal the effects of different evolutionary stages on nebkhas morphology and airflow fields, and to clarify the mechanisms by which shrub structure affects windbreak and sand-stabilization efficiency, furthermore to provide a theoretical basis and data support for the ecological restoration of the deser
t-oasis ecotone.
Methods
2
This study focused on
N. tangutorum
nebkhas in the desert-oasis ecotone of the Yabulai Mountain aeolian pass. Field measurements were used to determine the morphology of the nebkhas, and numerical simulations were conducted to analyze wind speed distributions in the vertical and horizontal planes under three evolutionary stages (development, stabilization, and degradation) and three vegetation cover levels (20%, 50%, and 80%).
Results
2
① The morphology of the
N. tangutorum
nebkhas was primarily tadpole-like elliptical. All morphological parameters showed positive correlations. The correlation coefficients increased as the nebkhas evolved and vegetation cover increased. All morphological parameters were the smallest in the development stage. ② For nebkhas at different evolutionary stages, wind speed decreased significantly within the horizontal distance range of
x
=1—5
L
(
L
represents the shrub canopy major axis) and the vertical height range of
z
=0—0.8
H
(
H
represents the shrub height ), forming a deceleration zone on the leeward slope with high windbreak efficiency (40%—95%). Among all evolutionary stages, the stabilization stage exhibited the optimal windbreak performance (with windbreak efficiency of 50%—95%). ③ Under the three vegetation cover conditions, the windbreak efficiency reached the highest level of up to 95% when vegetation cover reached 80%.
Conclusion
2
The Yabulai Mountain Aeolian Pass is a key area for wind erosion control. Wind erosion can be mitigated by optimizing the morphological structure of the nebkhas and increasing vegetation cover.
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