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1.内蒙古农业大学 沙漠治理学院, 内蒙古, 呼和浩特 010018
2.水利部;牧区水利科学研究所, 内蒙古, 呼和浩特 010020
3.鄂尔多斯市造林总场, 内蒙古, 鄂尔多斯 014300
Received:27 May 2025,
Revised:2025-08-11,
Published:10 December 2025
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张雨佳, 杨振奇, 李龙, 等.砒砂岩区4种人工林林下草本植物多样性与土壤理化性质[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(6):41-49.
Zhang Yujia, Yang Zhenqi, Li Long, et al. Herbaceous plant diversity and soil physicochemical properties under four plantation types in Pisha sandstone area [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(6):41-49.
张雨佳, 杨振奇, 李龙, 等.砒砂岩区4种人工林林下草本植物多样性与土壤理化性质[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(6):41-49. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.06.021. CSTR: 32312.14.stbctb.2025.06.021.
Zhang Yujia, Yang Zhenqi, Li Long, et al. Herbaceous plant diversity and soil physicochemical properties under four plantation types in Pisha sandstone area [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(6):41-49. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.06.021. CSTR: 32312.14.stbctb.2025.06.021.
目的
2
分析砒砂岩区不同人工林类型对林下植被群落结构、物种多样性及土壤理化性质的影响,为建设水土保持林选择适宜树种,并为砒砂岩区植被恢复和物种多样性保护提供科学依据。
方法
2
以内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市准格尔旗暖水乡鲍家沟流域4种典型人工林(柠条林、山杏林、沙棘林、油松林)为研究对象,以天然草地为对照(CK),通过野外调查取样及室内试验,并结合冗余分析等方法,探究天然草地和4种典型人工林林下草本植物群落组成、物种多样性、土壤理化性质之间的关系。
结果
2
①研究区林下草本植物共10科18属23种,柠条林下草本植物种数最多,共22种。4种人工林林下草本植物主要以菊科(Asteraceae)、禾本科(Gramineae)、豆科(Fabaceae)植物为主。 ②柠条林下草本层的盖度、生物量、Margalef丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数极显著高于其他植被类型(
p
<
0.01)。 ③柠条林土壤含水率、土壤有机质和全氮含量极显著高于其他植被类型(
p
<
0.01);土壤有机质和全氮具有表层聚集效应。 ④土壤有机质和饱和导水率是影响人工林林下草本层物种多样性的主导因素;地形是影响人工林下草本层的次要因素。
结论
2
柠条是准格尔旗砒砂岩区水土保持林建设的优选树种,兼具维持物种多样性与土壤改良的双重作用。
Objective
2
The effects of different plantation types on understory vegetation community structure, species diversity, and soil physicochemical properties in Pisha sandstone area were analyzed, in orderto select suitable tree species for constructing soil and water conservation forests and provide a scientific basis for vegetation restoration and species diversity conservation in Pisha sandstone area.
Methods
2
Four typical plantation types (
Caragana korshinskii
,
Prunus sibirica
,
Hippophae rhamnoides
and
Pinus tabuliformis
forest) in Baojiagou watershed of Nuanshui Township, Jungar Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, were selected as the research objects, with natural grassland (CK) as the control. Through field surveys, sampling, and laboratory experiments, the relationships among understory herbaceous plant community composition, species diversity, and soil physicochemical properties the natural grassland and the four typical plantations were
investigated.
Results
2
① The understory herbaceous vegetation in the study area comprised 23 species from 18 genera and 10 families. The
C. korshinskii
forest had the highest number of understory herbaceous species, with a total of 22. The understory herbaceous plants in the four plantations were mainly composed of species from the Asteraceae, Gramineae, and Fabaceae families. ② The coverage, biomass, Margalef richness index, and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the understory herbaceous layer under the
C. korshinskii
forest were significantly higher than those under other vegetation types (
p<
0.01). ③ The soil moisture content, soil organic matter, and total nitrogen content under the
C. korshinskii
forest were significantly higher than those under other vegetation types (
p
<
0.01). Soil organic matter and total nitrogen exhibited a surface aggregation effect. ④ Soil organic matter and saturated hydraulic conductivity were the dominant factors affecting the species diversity of the understory herbaceous layer in the plantations, while topography was a secondary factor.
Conclusion
2
C. korshinskii
is the preferred tree species for constructing soil and water conservation forests in the Pisha sandstone area of Jungar Banner. It plays a dual role in maintaining species diversity and improving soil quality.
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