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1.贵州大学 资源与环境工程学院, 贵州 贵阳 550025
2.贵州喀斯特环境;生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站, 贵州 贵阳 550025
3.贵州省劣境生态修复;技术工程研究中心, 贵州 贵阳 550025
4.上海国惠环境科技股份有限公司, 上海 201100
Received:24 May 2025,
Revised:2025-07-03,
Published:10 October 2025
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张鹏, 吴永贵, 鲁鸿霈, 等.颗粒状白酒污泥对土壤养分及重金属含量的影响[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(5):35-44.
Zhang Peng, Wu Yonggui, Lu Hongpei, et al. Effects of granular Baijiu sludge on soil nutrients and heavy metal contents [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(5):35-44.
张鹏, 吴永贵, 鲁鸿霈, 等.颗粒状白酒污泥对土壤养分及重金属含量的影响[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(5):35-44. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.05.038. CSTR: 32312.14.stbctb. 2025.05.038..
Zhang Peng, Wu Yonggui, Lu Hongpei, et al. Effects of granular Baijiu sludge on soil nutrients and heavy metal contents [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(5):35-44. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.05.038. CSTR: 32312.14.stbctb. 2025.05.038..
目的
2
分析白酒废水污泥施用于辣椒栽培后对土壤肥力、作物产量及重金属含量的影响,为白酒废水污泥高效资源化利用提供理论参考。
方法
2
基于白酒废水污泥富含氮磷钾,重金属含量低的特性,通过造粒工艺优化其性状。以辣椒为试验植物,根据辣椒产量计算当地辣椒需肥量分别按1 500~6 000 kg/hm
2
的量将颗粒状白酒污泥施于盆栽辣椒土壤,并以未施用白酒污泥(CK)和施用普通复合肥(F)为对照。
结果
2
①6 000 kg/hm
2
的处理(W
4
)综合效果最佳,土壤pH值、电导率(EC)分别比对照(CK)提高了7.37%,59.21%;土壤有机质(OM)、有效磷(AP)、速效钾(AK)、碱解氮(AN)、铵态氮(NH
4
+
-N)以及硝态氮(NO
3
-
-N)含量分别提高72.73%,93.28%,62.24%,24.08%,63.40%和14.91%; ②不同处理土壤重金属含量均远低于标准限值并达到Ⅰ类标准,且处理后土壤中铁(Fe)含量、铝(Al)含量较低不易导致土壤酸化板结; ③施用颗粒状白酒污泥明显促进辣椒生长,其中W
4
处理的辣椒株高和叶绿素含量分别比CK增加68.84%,65.48%,辣椒产量也最高(达33 180 kg/hm
2
)。
结论
2
施用颗粒状白酒污泥可显著改善土壤理化性质,明显提升土壤肥力并有效促进辣椒的生长。
Objective
2
The influence of applying Baijiu wastewater sludge to pepper cultivation on soil fertility, crop yield, and heavy metal content is analyzed, providing a theoretical reference for the efficient resource utilization of Baijiu wastewater sludge.
Methods
2
Based on the characteristics of Baijiu wastewater sludge being rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium with low heavy metal content, its properties were optimized through granulation. Pepper was selected as the test plant. Granulated Baijiu wastewater sludge was applied to potted pepper soil at rates of 1 500—6 000 kg/hm² based on the local nutrient requirements calculated from pepper yield. Controls included soil with no Baijiu sludge application (CK) and soil with conventional compound fertilizer (F).
Results
2
① The treatment of 6 000 kg/hm² (W
4
) demonstrated the best comprehensive effect. Compared to CK, it increased soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC) by 7.37% and 59.21%, respectively. Soil organic matter (OM), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), alkaline nitrogen (AN), ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N), and nitrate nitrogen (NO₃⁻-N) increased by 72.73%, 93.28%, 62.24%, 24.08%, 63.40%, and 14.91%, respectively. ② The heavy metal contents in soil under different treatments were far below the standard limits and met class Ⅰ standards. Furthermore, the contents of iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) in the treated soil were relatively low, making soil acidification and compaction unlikely. ③ Application of granular Baijiu sludge significantly promoted pepper growth. Specifically, the W
4
treatment increased plant height and chlorophyll content by 68.84% and 65.48%, respectively, compared to CK, and the pepper yield was the highest, reaching 33 180 kg/hm
2
.
Conclusion
2
Application of granular Baijiu sludge can significantly improve soil physicochemical properties, markedly enhance soil fertility, and effectively promote pepper growth.
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