Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of coastal small watersheds——A case study at Houxi River watershed in Xiamen City

Liu Qiming; Yu Shilong; Lin Jinmei; Liu Xinyan; Jiao Yupei; Lin Minghua

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.05.010

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Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of coastal small watersheds——A case study at Houxi River watershed in Xiamen City

Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring and Applied Technology

- Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of coastal small watersheds——A case study at Houxi River watershed in Xiamen City
- Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation Vol. 45, Issue 5, Pages: 211-217(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.集美大学港口与海岸工程学院，福建厦门 361021
  2.中国科学院城市环境研究所，福建厦门 361021
  3.厦门市生态环境局，福建厦门 361000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.05.010
  CLC： X820
- CSTR：32312.14.stbctb.2025.05.010.
- Received：18 March 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-06-03，
  
  Published：10 October 2025
- 稿件说明：
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刘启明, 余世龙, 林锦美，等.滨海小流域表层沉积物多环芳烃污染特征及风险评估[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(5):211-217.

Liu Qiming, Yu Shilong, Lin Jinmei, et al. Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of coastal small watersheds [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(5):211-217.
刘启明, 余世龙, 林锦美，等.滨海小流域表层沉积物多环芳烃污染特征及风险评估[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(5):211-217. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.05.010. CSTR： 32312.14.stbctb.2025.05.010..

Liu Qiming, Yu Shilong, Lin Jinmei, et al. Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of coastal small watersheds [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(5):211-217. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.05.010. CSTR： 32312.14.stbctb.2025.05.010..

摘要

目的

揭示滨海城市小流域多环芳烃（PAHs）的污染特征及生态风险，为滨海城市小流域污染溯源及生态风险管理提供科学依据。

方法

选取厦门后溪流域为研究对象，系统采集了18个点位的表层（0—5 cm）沉积物样品，采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术（GC-MS）对16种PAHs进行定量分析。

结果

研究区域16种PAHS的总含量为115.02~807.27 ng/g（均值371.33 ng/g）。组分以4环和5环芳烃所占比例最大，均超过25%；2环芳烃比例最小，小于4%；3环和6环芳烃比例居中，约为20%。空间分布呈现上中下游3个显著梯度特征，上游（A区）含量最低（86.23~153.61 ng/g），中游（B区）次之（298.23~456.71 ng/g），下游（C区）最高（435.24~656.11 ng/g），表明人类活动强度越大，PAHs污染程度也越高。基于沉积物质量基准法（SQGs）的生态风险评估显示，大部分的采样点位风险值介于最低级的罕见效应（REL）和次低级的临界效应（TEL）之间，少部分点位达到中级的偶然效应阈值（OEL），未出现较高级的可能效应（PEL）和最高级的频繁效应（FEL）风险等级。

结论

后溪流域PAHs整体生态风险处于可控范围，但不同点位和不同类型多环芳烃的生态风险存在一定差异，需引起相关部门的关注。

Abstract

Objective

The pollution characteristics and ecological risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in small coastal urban watersheds were explored， to provide a scientific basis for pollution source tracing and ecological risk management in such regions.

Methods

Houxi River watershed in Xiamen City was selected as the study area. Surface sediment samples （0—5 cm） were systematically collected from 18 sites and quantitatively analyzed for 16 PAHs using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）.

Results

The results showed that the total content of 16 PAHs in the surface sediments of Houxi River watershed in Xiamen ranged from 115.02 to 807.27 ng/g， with an average of 371.33 ng/g. Among them， 4-ring and 5-ring PAHs had the largest proportions， both exceeding 25%. 2-ring PAHs had the smallest proportion， less than 4%. 3-ring and 6-ring PAHs were in the middle， around 20%. The spatial distribution showed a clear gradient among the upper， middle， and lower reaches： the upstream （A） had the lowest concentration （86.23—153.61 ng/g）， the middle reaches （B） were intermediate （298.23—456.71 ng/g）， and the downstream （C） had the highest concentration （435.24—656.11 ng/g）， indicating that the PAH pollution increased with the intensity of human activities. Based on the Sediment Quality Guidelines （SQGs）， the ecological risk assessment showed that most sampling sites fell between the lowest-level rare effect level （REL） and the second-lowest-level threshold effect level （TEL）， and a few sampling sites reached the medium-level occasional effect level （OEL）. None of the sampling sites reached the higher-level probable effect level （PEL） and the highest-level frequent effect level （FEL）.

Conclusion

The overall ecological risk of PAHs in the surface sediments of Houxi River watershed in Xiamen City is within a controllable range. However， variations in ecological risks across different sampling sites and PAH compounds should be given attention by relevant authorities.

关键词

Keywords

references

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