Inter-provincial ecological compensation standards in Yangtze River basin from perspective of water resource utilization

Ma Mingyuan; Zhang Haoran; Zhao Zhongnan; Zhu Wei; Xu Kangning

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.04.020

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Inter-provincial ecological compensation standards in Yangtze River basin from perspective of water resource utilization

Comprehensive Researches

- Inter-provincial ecological compensation standards in Yangtze River basin from perspective of water resource utilization
- Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation Vol. 45, Issue 4, Pages: 304-315(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.北京林业大学环境科学与工程学院北京市水体污染源控制技术重点实验室，北京 100083
  2.水利部水利水电规划设计总院，北京 100120
  3.北京国环清华环境工程设计研究院有限公司，北京 100084
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.04.020
  CLC： X321
- CSTR：32312.14.stbctb.2025.04.020.
- Received：08 November 2024，
  
  Revised：2025-04-08，
  
  Published：20 August 2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
马茗远, 张浩然, 赵钟楠，等.基于水资源利用的长江流域横向生态保护补偿标准研究[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(4):304-315.

Ma Mingyuan, Zhang Haoran, Zhao Zhongnan, et al. Inter-provincial ecological compensation standards in Yangtze River basin from perspective of water resource utilization [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(4):304-315.
马茗远, 张浩然, 赵钟楠，等.基于水资源利用的长江流域横向生态保护补偿标准研究[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(4):304-315. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.04.020. CSTR： 32312.14.stbctb.2025.04.020..

Ma Mingyuan, Zhang Haoran, Zhao Zhongnan, et al. Inter-provincial ecological compensation standards in Yangtze River basin from perspective of water resource utilization [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(4):304-315. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.04.020. CSTR： 32312.14.stbctb.2025.04.020..

摘要

目的

评估建立长江流域内横向生态保护补偿标准的测算方法，为推动流域水资源保护和水生态环境的恢复以及流域内经济社会的可持续发展提供科学依据。

方法

首先基于水域面积，利用调节因子修正当量因子表，进而测算2010—2020年长江流域水资源生态系统服务价值；其次，计算流域内各地区水资源淡水及水污染生态足迹与生态承载力，以此评估各地区水资源超载状况；最后，以全流域水资源生态超载系数为基准线界定各地区补偿主客体身份，基于公共物品属性及外部性相关理论，结合水资源生态系统服务价值计算各地区生态保护补偿的理论额度与下限值。

结果

①2010—2020年，长江流域水资源生态系统服务价值分别为1.17×10

，1.18×10

，1.19×10

元，有逐年上升的趋势。 ②2010—2020年长江流域淡水资源生态足迹先升高后降低，而水污染生态足迹持续升高，结合水资源生态承载力概念来看，长江流域未出现超载的情况，但在上海、江苏及河南地区存在水资源供需缺口。 ③在研究期间内，青海、西藏、广东、广西、湖南、江西和福建始终为生态保护补偿的客体，而安徽、云南、浙江、河南、江苏和上海始终为生态保护补偿的主体，支付补偿省份的额度均在地方财政一般预算收入之内，且逐年下降。

结论

本文研究建立的测算模型将水生态、水资源以及社会经济发展紧密关联，可以为长江流域水资源保护、水生态维护以及全流域生态保护补偿标准的制定等工作提供科学且合理的切入点与范例，有望推动中国一级流域生态保护补偿工作持续深入开展。

Abstract

Objective

A calculation method for horizontal ecological protection compensation standards within the Yangtze River basin was evaluated and established in order to provide a scientific basis for promoting the protection of water resources， restoration of the water ecological environment， and sustainable development of the economy and society within the basin.

Methods

Firstly， the value of ecosystem services provided by water resources in the Yangtze River basin during 2010—2020 were calculated using water surface area and a modified equivalent factor table. Secondly， the freshwater and water pollution ecological footprints and carrying capacities across the basin regions were estimated to evaluate water resource overload status. Finally， using the watershed-wide water resource ecological overload coefficient as a baseline， the identities of the compensation individuals and objects in each region were defined. Based on the theory of public goods attributes and externalities， the theoretical amount and lower-limit value of ecological protection compensation in each region were estimated by combining the water resource ecosystem service value.

Results

① From 2010 to 2020， the value of ecosystem services from water resources in the Yangtze River basin increased annually to 1.17×10

，1.18×10

， 1.19×10

yuan. ② From 2010 and 2020， the freshwater ecological footprint of the Yangtze River basin first increased and then decreased， whereas the water pollution ecological footprint continued to increase. Based on the concept of ecological carrying capacity， the basin did not experience an overload during the study period. However， water supply-demand gaps were observed in regions such as Shanghai， Jiangsu City， and Henan Province. ③ During the study period， Qinghai， Xizang， Guangdong， Guangxi， Hunan， Jiangxi， and Fujian Province （autonomous regions） were consistent ecological protection compensation recipients， whereas Anhui， Yunnan， Zhejiang， Henan， Jiangsu Province， and Shanghai City were consistently compensation payers. The compensation amounts paid by the payer regions were within the scope of their general fiscal budgets and exhibited a year-on-year decline.

Conclusion

In the proposed calculation model， water ecology， water resources， and socio-economic development are closely integrated. It can provide a scientific and rational entry point and exemplar for water resource protection， water ecology maintenance， and the formulation of ecological compensation standards across the Yangtze River basin. It is expected to promote the continuous and in-depth development of ecological protection compensation work for first-level river basins in China.

关键词

Keywords

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