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河北工程大学 矿业与测绘工程学院, 河北 邯郸 056038
Received:05 December 2024,
Revised:2025-01-24,
Published:10 June 2025
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王贺封, 刘书雅, 张安兵, 等.SSP-RCP情景下中国生态系统服务价值评估及生态风险预测[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(3):129-142.
Wang Hefeng, Liu Shuya, Zhang Anbing, et al. Evaluation of ecosystem service value and prediction of ecological risk in China under SSP-RCP scenarios [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(3):129-142.
王贺封, 刘书雅, 张安兵, 等.SSP-RCP情景下中国生态系统服务价值评估及生态风险预测[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(3):129-142. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.03.016. CSTR: 32312.14.stbctb.2025.03.016..
Wang Hefeng, Liu Shuya, Zhang Anbing, et al. Evaluation of ecosystem service value and prediction of ecological risk in China under SSP-RCP scenarios [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,45(3):129-142. DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.03.016. CSTR: 32312.14.stbctb.2025.03.016..
目的
2
定量评估中国生态系统服务价值并将其与不确定性整合实现区域生态风险动态预测,为适应气候变化政策制定、国土空间规划、生态环境保护、经济转型发展及区域风险管理提供科学依据。
方法
2
耦合LUH2数据和PLUS模型模拟可持续发展(SSP119),当前中等发展(SSP245),高速发展情景(SSP585)下2030年中国土地利用格局,融入建设用地并利用修正的当量因子法估算生态系统服务价值(ESV),采用夏普比率预测区域生态风险。
结果
2
①PLUS模型具有较高的准确性,其kappa系数为0.90,总体精度(OA)为0.93。不同情景下各土地利用类型面积变化差异明显,但空间分布较为相似;各地类聚集效应明显,由东南向西北逐渐变化。 ②2030年3种情景中国ESV分别为2.188×10
13
,2.176×10
13
,2.170×10
13
元。受土地利用格局的影响,单位面积上ESV空间上呈“东南高,西北低”,各项ESV空间分布呈“整体一致性,局部差异性”的特点。 ③中国未来的生态风险以低、较低及中风险为主,城市数量所占比例介于84.47%~90.46%。3种情景下,可持续发展情景低和较低风险区域比例最大,而高速发展情景高和较高风险区域所占比例最大。
结论
2
走可持续发展道路是平衡经济发展和生态保护的最优选择,可有效降低区域生态风险;延续当前中等发展道路,生态系统的稳定性处于中间水平;以化石燃料为主的高速发展道路,不利于生态系统的稳定性,存在生态环境退化的风险。
Objective
2
The value of ecosystem services in China was assessed quantitatively, and integrated with uncertainty to achieve dynamic prediction of regional ecological risks, in order to provide a scientific basis for climate change adaptation policy formulation, territorial spatial planning, ecological environmental protection, economic transformation, and regional risk management.
Methods
2
The LUH2 data and PLUS model were coupled to simulate China’s land use patterns under sustainable development (SSP119), current moderate development (SSP245) pathway, and high-speed development (SSP585) scenarios in 2030. Construction land was incorporated, and the modified equivalent factor method was used to estimate the ecosystem service value (ESV). The Sharpe ratio was employed to predict regional ecological risks.
Results
2
① The PLUS model demonstrated high accuracy, with a kappa coefficient of 0.90 and an overall accuracy (OA) of 0.93. Under different scenarios, the area changes in land use types varied significantly, but the spatial distribution was relatively similar. The aggregation effect of land types was evident, gradually changing from southeast to northwest. ② In 2030, ESV under the three scenarios were 2.188 × 10¹³, 2.176 × 10¹³, and 2.170 × 10¹³ yuan, respectively. Influenced by land use patterns, the ESV per unit area followed a spatial distribution of higher in the southeast and lower in the northwest, while individual ecosystem services exhibited an overall consistency with localized variations. ③ Future ecological risks in China are predominantly low to medium, with 84.47%—90.46% of cities classified within this range. Among the three scenarios, sustainable development had the highest proportion of low and relatively low-risk areas, whereas high-speed development had the largest proportion of high and relatively high-risk areas.
Conclusion
2
A sustainable development pathway is the optimal choice for balancing economic growth and ecological protection, effectively reducing regional ecological risks. The current moderate development pathway provides moderate ecosystem stability. In contrast, a high-speed development model reliant on fossil fuels threatens ecosystem stability and increases the risk of ecological degradation.
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