Quantitative Characteristics of Plant Communities at Different Slope Positions in Slope-Gully System on Forest-Steppe Ecotone of Loess Hilly-Gully Region

Du Huadong; Che Xuxi; Sun Hao; Nie Wenjie

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.06.020

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Quantitative Characteristics of Plant Communities at Different Slope Positions in Slope-Gully System on Forest-Steppe Ecotone of Loess Hilly-Gully Region

- Quantitative Characteristics of Plant Communities at Different Slope Positions in Slope-Gully System on Forest-Steppe Ecotone of Loess Hilly-Gully Region
- Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation Vol. 44, Issue 6, Pages: 184-193(2024)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西安科技大学地质与环境学院,陕西,西安,710054
  2. 西安科技大学西部矿山生态环境修复研究院,陕西,西安,710054
  3. 陕西省煤炭绿色开发地质保障重点实验室,陕西,西安,710054
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.06.020
  CLC： Q948;S157.1
- Published：2024
- 稿件说明：
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Du Huadong, Che Xuxi, Sun Hao, et al. Quantitative Characteristics of Plant Communities at Different Slope Positions in Slope-Gully System on Forest-Steppe Ecotone of Loess Hilly-Gully Region[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(6): 184-193.
DOI：

Du Huadong, Che Xuxi, Sun Hao, et al. Quantitative Characteristics of Plant Communities at Different Slope Positions in Slope-Gully System on Forest-Steppe Ecotone of Loess Hilly-Gully Region[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(6): 184-193. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.06.020.

摘要

[目的] 定量分析和探究黄土高原不同坡位自然条件下植物群落数量学特征及其影响因子

为该地区坡沟系统植物群落构建机制的理论研究和人工恢复植物群落设计的实践指导提供科学参考。[方法] 本文在阐明黄土丘陵区森林草原带自然条件下阳沟坡、阳峁坡、峁顶、阴峁坡和阴沟坡5个坡位植物群落组成、多样性、稳定性和优势植物分布格局的基础上，构建环境因子、土壤侵蚀强度与植物多样性、稳定性的结构方程模型，探究不同坡位影响植物群落构建的主要生态因子。[结果] ①黄土丘陵区森林草原带阳沟坡和阳峁坡垂直结构均为2层构成，以多年生草本和灌木为主，优势植物分布格局呈分散分布；峁顶垂直结构1层，以一年生和多年生草本为主，植物主要呈高强度聚集分布；阴沟坡群落垂直结构3层，植物呈聚集分布。②阴沟坡物种多样性、丰富度和稳定性最高，阳峁坡的丰富度和多样性最低且其较阴沟坡分别显著下降了18.4%和26.5%，峁顶植物群落稳定性最小，仅29。③影响不同坡位群落特征的共同关键因子是土壤侵蚀强度和土壤水分，而阳沟坡的土壤容重、阳峁坡和阴峁坡的有机质、峁顶和阴沟坡的光照强度分别为各坡位影响植物群落结构、稳定性和多样性的差异化生态因子。[结论] 黄土丘陵区森林草原带不同坡位应制定不同的植被恢复措施。阳沟坡利用多年生灌木形成的“肥岛”效应改善地表环境；阳峁坡通过微地形改造减小土壤侵蚀；峁顶通过添加耐旱性较高的植物改善植物群落结构；阴峁坡和阴沟坡不过分要求复杂的植物群落结构，以免造成人工林林下因光照不足而使得草本层退化。

Abstract

[Objective] The quantitative characteristics of plant communities and their influencing factors under different slope positions in the Loess Plateau were investigated

so as to provide a scientific reference for the theoretical understanding of plant community construction mechanisms within the slope-gully system and for the practical guidance on the design of artificially plant communities restoration. [Methods] The study examines the composition

diversity

stability

and distribution patterns of dominant plants across five slope positions-sunny gully

sunny hill

hilltop

shady hill

and shady gully-within the forest-steppe zone of the loess hilly region under natural conditions. The structural equation model of environmental factors

soil erosion intensity

and plant diversity and stability was constructed to explore the main ecological factors affecting the construction of plant communities in different slope positions. [Results] ① In the forest-steppe zone of the loess hilly region

the sunny gully and sunny hill slopes exhibit a two-layer vertical structure predominantly composed of perennial herbs and shrubs

with dominant plants showing a dispersed distribution pattern. The hilltop had a single-layer vertical structure

mainly comprising annual and perennial herbs

where plants demonstrate a highly clustered distribution. The shady gully slope community had a three-layer vertical structure

with plants also showing a clustered distribution pattern. ② The shady gully slope had the highest species diversity

richness

and stability

whereas the sunny hill slope exhibited the lowest richness and diversity

with significant reductions of 18.4% and 26.5%

respectively

compared to the shady gully slope. The hilltop plant community showed the least stability

with an index of only 29. ③ The common key factors influencing community characteristics across different slope positions were soil erosion intensity and soil moisture. However

soil bulk density on the sunny gully slope

organic matter on the sunny and shady hill slopes

and light intensity on the hilltop and shady gully slope were the distinguishing ecological factors affecting plant community structure

stability

and diversity. [Conclusion] Vegetation restoration strategies should be tailored to the specific slope positions in the forest-steppe zone of the loess hilly region. The “fertile island” effect formed by perennial shrubs on the sunny gully slope could improve surface conditions

while micro-topographic modifications on the sunny hill slope could reduce soil erosion. On the hilltop

the introduction of drought-tolerant plants could enhance plant community structure. The shady hill and gully slopes do not require the construction of an excessively complex plant community structure

so as not to cause the degradation of the herbaceous layer under the artificial forest owing to insufficient light.

关键词

Keywords

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