Internal Erosion Mechanism of Weathered Granite Soil Under Changing Hydrodynamic Head

Wang Hao; Yan Gengming; Li Chuandong; Dou Hongqiang

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.009

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Internal Erosion Mechanism of Weathered Granite Soil Under Changing Hydrodynamic Head

- Internal Erosion Mechanism of Weathered Granite Soil Under Changing Hydrodynamic Head
- Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation Vol. 44, Issue 2, Pages: 80-90(2024)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 福州大学紫金地质与矿业学院,福建,福州,350108
  2. 福州大学土木工程学院,福建,福州,350108
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.009
  CLC： S157.1;TU443
- Published：2024
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
Wang Hao, Yan Gengming, Li Chuandong, et al. Internal Erosion Mechanism of Weathered Granite Soil Under Changing Hydrodynamic Head[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(2): 80-90.
DOI：

Wang Hao, Yan Gengming, Li Chuandong, et al. Internal Erosion Mechanism of Weathered Granite Soil Under Changing Hydrodynamic Head[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2024, 44(2): 80-90. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2024.02.009.

摘要

[目的] 揭示动水头作用下花岗岩风化土侵蚀演化的动态过程，研究动态水力条件对土体内部侵蚀发展的影响，探明颗粒迁移规律与内部侵蚀机理，为深入研究花岗岩边坡的破坏模式与促滑机理提供理论依据。 [方法] 设计竖向土柱渗流装置，开展上升水头与正弦水头条件下花岗岩风化土柱的渗流试验，基于渗流土柱顶面与侧面的试验现象，从渗流速度变化、颗粒流失量变化和渗流前后颗粒级配、质量变化等方面，分析动水头作用下花岗岩风化土内部侵蚀的发育特征。 [结果] ①花岗岩风化土粒径差异较大，在骨架间存在微小孔隙，渗流冲刷作用使得土颗粒通过土体骨架间的孔隙运移流失。在内部侵蚀过程中，细颗粒流失量相对较多，粗颗粒流失量较少。 ②土体内部侵蚀作用是渐进发展的过程，在土体薄弱区域的结构最先产生变形与破坏。试验中渗流泉眼由土柱边界开始发展到土柱中部区域，渗流通道沿着渗流方向自下而上发育，水力条件短时间内发生显著变化会造成渗流通道快速贯通。 ③土体内部侵蚀作用将随渗流时间推进而趋于稳定，但正弦水头将“激活”土颗粒运动，加剧土体的内部侵蚀作用。加大水头变化幅度或减小水头变化周期，能够加剧土体内部侵蚀作用，导致水流运移速度加快以及颗粒迁移流失量增多。 [结论] 水力条件变化对土体内部侵蚀作用存在显著影响，正弦水头更能加剧颗粒迁移流失。

Abstract

[Objective] The dynamic process of erosion evolution of granite weathered soil under the action of changing hydrodynamic head was determined to study the influence of dynamic hydraulic conditions on the development of internal erosion of soil

and to define the particle migration law and internal erosion mechanism

in order to provide a theoretical basis for the in-depth study of the destruction mode and slip-promoting mechanism of granite slopes. [Methods] A vertical soil column seepage device was designed to carry out seepage tests on granite-weathered soil columns under rising hydrodynamic head and sinusoidal head conditions. Based on the test observations at the top and sides of the seepage soil columns

the developmental characteristics of the internal erosion of granite weathered soils under the action of changing hydrodynamic head were analyzed in terms of the changes in seepage velocity

the amount of soil particles lost

particle gradation

and quality of the particles before and after seepage. [Results] ① Granite-weathered soil had large differences in particle size

and there were small pores in the soil matrix. Seepage and scouring effects transported soil particles through the pores in the soil matrix. The amount of fine particles lost through internal erosion was relatively large

and the amount of coarse particles lost was small. ② Internal erosion was a gradual development process

and the soil structure in the weak areas of the soil was the first to exhibit deformation and damage. In the test

the seepage springs progressed from the boundary of the soil column to the middle area of the soil column

and the seepage channels developed from bottom to top along the seepage direction. Significant changes in the hydraulic conditions within a short period of time resulted in rapid penetration of the seepage channels. ③ Internal soil erosion will stabilize with seepage time

but a sinusoidal hydrodynamic head will activate the movement of soil particles and intensify internal soil erosion. Increasing the magnitude or decreasing the period of the head change can increase the internal erosion of soil

resulting in faster water transport and increased loss of particles through migration. [Conclusion] Changes in hydraulic conditions had a significant effect on erosion within the soil

with sinusoidal heads exacerbating particle migration and loss.

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