Spatiotemporal Coupling Relationship Between Plateau Pika Disturbance and Alpine Meadow Degradation

Zhao Jianyun; Jiang Chuanli; Li Guorong; Gao Chongyue; Wang Zhichao; Wen Lanchong

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.05.025

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Spatiotemporal Coupling Relationship Between Plateau Pika Disturbance and Alpine Meadow Degradation

- Spatiotemporal Coupling Relationship Between Plateau Pika Disturbance and Alpine Meadow Degradation
- Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation Vol. 43, Issue 5, Pages: 212-219(2023)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 青海大学地质工程系,青海,西宁,810016
  2. 青藏高原北缘新生代资源环境重点实验室,青海,西宁,810016
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.05.025
  CLC： S812.6
- Published：2023
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
Zhao Jianyun, Jiang Chuanli, Li Guorong, et al. Spatiotemporal Coupling Relationship Between Plateau Pika Disturbance and Alpine Meadow Degradation[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(5): 212-219.
DOI：

Zhao Jianyun, Jiang Chuanli, Li Guorong, et al. Spatiotemporal Coupling Relationship Between Plateau Pika Disturbance and Alpine Meadow Degradation[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2023, 43(5): 212-219. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.05.025.

摘要

[目的] 高原鼠兔是青藏高原高寒草甸生态系统的关键物种。分析鼠兔活动与草甸退化之间的耦合关系，为进一步完善高原鼠兔干扰强度观测体系，提供更加全面、科学的鼠兔活动调查数据。[方法] 本研究利用无人机对地观测与深度学习构建了一种鼠兔干扰强度观测与分级方法，并利用景观指数和耦合度模型开展了时空变化分析。[结果] ①ResNet-101残差网络模型提取鼠丘秃斑的精度可达92.7%。2019年研究区鼠兔干扰微度和轻度面积占总面积的82.0%，2021年中度及以上干扰强度占62.5%。2019—2021年鼠兔干扰明显、显著和极度增强的面积占43.0%。②2019，2021年高寒草甸植被均以中度退化为主，2019—2021年中度退化转变为重度退化的面积占30.2%，植被覆盖度出现显著降低的面积占7.7%。③研究区景观以单一方向变化为秃斑，景观类型向更加聚集、规则、单一化的方向转变，秃斑景观的优势度显著上升。④2019—2021年研究区大部分区域的耦合度增加，鼠兔干扰与高寒草甸间的相互作用增强。[结论] 研究区高原鼠兔干扰强度显著变大，植被覆盖度降低，景观逐步向秃斑类型转变，高寒草甸在高原鼠兔干扰下退化趋势明显，二者的耦合作用逐步增强，有必要采取更加积极的防治、恢复措施。

Abstract

[Objective] Plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) is a key species in the alpine meadow ecosystem of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. The coupling relationship between pika activity and meadow degradation was analyzed in order to further improve the observation system of plateau pika interference intensity and to provide more comprehensive and scientific investigation data of plateau pika activity. [Methods] An observation and grading system for alpine pika disturbance intensity (PDI) was constructed using observational data from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and deep learning methods. Spatial-temporal variation analysis was conducted using a landscape index and a coupling degree model to clarify the coupling relationship between pika and meadow degradation. [Results] ①The accuracy of the ResNet-101 model for extracting bald patches on pika mounds reached 92.7%. Slight and light pika disturbance areas accounted for 82.0% of the total area in 2019

and the moderate and high disturbance intensity areas accounted for 62.5% of the total area in 2021. The area with significantly increased PDI from 2019 to 2021 accounted for 43.0% of the total area. ②Alpine meadow vegetation was predominantly classified as moderately degraded in 2019 and 2021. From 2019 to 2021

30.2% of the area shifted to moderately degraded to severely degraded

and 7.7% of the area experienced a significant decrease in vegetation cover. ③The landscape of the study area transformed to bald patches in a single direction

and the landscape type became more aggregated

regular

and homogenized. The dominance of bald patches in the landscape increased significantly. ④The coupling degree was increased in most regions increased from 2019 to 2021

and the interaction between plateau pika disturbance and alpine meadow degradation was enhanced from 2019 to 2021. [Conclusion] The intensity of plateau pika disturbance in the study area increased from 2019 to 2020

vegetation coverage decreased

and the landscape gradually transformed to bald patches. The alpine meadow degraded under plateau pika disturbance. The coupling effect between plateau pika disturbance and alpine meadow degradation has gradually increased

and it is therefore necessary to take more active prevention and restoration measures.

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references

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