Characteristics and Restoration Measures for Heavy-Metal Polluted Soil-Crop Systems After Recultivation in Abandoned Lead and Zinc Mining Areas

Shen Qianjie; Liu Pinzhen; Du Qilu; Liu Xiaoyuan; Wu Di

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2019.05.031

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Characteristics and Restoration Measures for Heavy-Metal Polluted Soil-Crop Systems After Recultivation in Abandoned Lead and Zinc Mining Areas

- Characteristics and Restoration Measures for Heavy-Metal Polluted Soil-Crop Systems After Recultivation in Abandoned Lead and Zinc Mining Areas
- Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation Vol. 39, Issue 5, Pages: 223-230(2019)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 贵州师范大学山地与环境国家重点实验室,贵州,贵阳,550001
  2. 黔南民族师范学院化学化工学院, 贵州都匀,558000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2019.05.031
  CLC： X53
- Published：2019
- 稿件说明：
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Shen Qianjie, Liu Pinzhen, Du Qilu, et al. Characteristics and Restoration Measures for Heavy-Metal Polluted Soil-Crop Systems After Recultivation in Abandoned Lead and Zinc Mining Areas[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2019, 39(5): 223-230.
DOI：

Shen Qianjie, Liu Pinzhen, Du Qilu, et al. Characteristics and Restoration Measures for Heavy-Metal Polluted Soil-Crop Systems After Recultivation in Abandoned Lead and Zinc Mining Areas[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2019, 39(5): 223-230. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2019.05.031.

摘要

[目的] 了解废弃铅锌矿区复耕农田耕作层土壤-作物污染特征及变化情况，探究最合理的植物修复系统。[方法] 利用基于GIS的Tominson负荷指数法对不同耕地重金属污染分布格局及来源进行分析；采用富集系数法（BCF），复合质量影响指数法（ⅡCQ）探究土壤-作物污染特征。[结果] 研究区耕作层土壤中Cd，Zn，Pb，Hg含量分别是贵州省背景值的100，45，18，18倍，Cu，As，Cr与背景值基本相同；蒟蒻种植地为重度污染。茎块类作物食用部分富集重金属能力最强，稻米次之，瓜类作物最弱，当地瓜类作物可做为抗富集重金属的先行植物。[结论] Cd为主要控制因子，蒟蒻种植地为主要控制区域；根据研究区重金属空间分布特征，重度污染区域建议采用超富集植物修复及活化剂共同作用；中度污染区域种植抗富集蔬菜及阻绝污染源的方式；轻度污染区域稻米种植区采用钝化措施，从而达到修复耕作层土壤重金属目的。

Abstract

[Objective] The soil-crop pollution characteristics and changes to the cultivated layer in a lead-zinc mining area of abandonment were analyzed

in order to explore the most reasonable phytoremediation system.[Methods] The distribution pattern and source of heavy-metal pollution in different areas of cultivated land were analyzed using the GIS-based Tominson load index method. The soil-crop pollution characteristics were studied by the enrichment factor method (BCF) and composite quality impact index method (IICQ).[Results] The contents of Cd

and Hg in the soil of the cultivated layer in the study area were 100

and 18 times of those of the background values of Guizhou Province

respectively. The levels of Cu

and Cr were basically the same as those of the background values. The planting areas of konjac were heavily polluted. The edible parts of stem-type crops had the strongest ability to enrich heavy metals

followed by rice

and the weakest melon crops. The local melon crops can be treated as the first plants to resist heavy metals.[Conclusion] Cd is the main control factor

and the konjac planting area is the main control area. According to the spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the study area

it is recommended to use super-enriched plant restoration. Additional recommendations include the activators working together in heavily polluted areas

to plant anti-enrichment vegetables and block the pollution sources in the moderately polluted areas

and to use passivation measures to achieve the purpose of restoring the heavy metals in the tillage layer soil in the rice-growing areas of the light-polluted areas.

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