Driving Mechanism of Aeolian Desertification in Gonghe Basin of Qinghai Province

LI Xiaoying; YAO Zhengyi; DONG Zhibao

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.06.051

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Driving Mechanism of Aeolian Desertification in Gonghe Basin of Qinghai Province

- Driving Mechanism of Aeolian Desertification in Gonghe Basin of Qinghai Province
- Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation Vol. 38, Issue 6, Pages: 337-344(2018)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃,兰州,730000
  2. 中国科学院大学,北京,100049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.06.051
  CLC：
- Published：2018
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
LI Xiaoying, YAO Zhengyi, DONG Zhibao. Driving Mechanism of Aeolian Desertification in Gonghe Basin of Qinghai Province[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2018, 38(6): 337-344.
DOI：

LI Xiaoying, YAO Zhengyi, DONG Zhibao. Driving Mechanism of Aeolian Desertification in Gonghe Basin of Qinghai Province[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2018, 38(6): 337-344. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.06.051.

摘要

[目的] 研究青海省共和盆地沙漠化的形成和发展过程，探讨沙漠化形成机制，为共和盆地生态环境治理提供科学依据。[方法] 利用Google Earth和ArcGIS分析不同区域的沙漠化分布特征；通过6期遥感卫星影像解译比对，对沙丘移动速度和古沙丘活化速度进行监测；并利用SPSS对共和盆地气温、降水、风速和牲畜数量进行分析；结合野外调查、实验室粒度分析、地层分析，研究沙漠化的形成过程。[结果] 共和盆地流动沙片分布广泛，发育有大量雅丹地貌，沙漠化土地呈斑块状、条带状交错分布。地层分析显示，固定沙丘的表层覆盖有厚度不一的粉沙土，其下为松散古风成沙。土地沙漠化的主要形式是固定沙丘活化、河湖相细沙外露、固定沙带及古沙丘活化。[结论] 有胶结作用的粉沙土是古风成沙的保护层，而食草动物的践踏是破坏保护层的主要原因。在动物破坏、风沙流及重力侵蚀作用下，粉沙土层崩塌破坏，更多古风成沙暴露，此过程循环往复，造成沙丘活化，形成风蚀坑，是共和县沙漠化形成和发展的主要过程。

Abstract

[Objective] The objective of this paper was to analyze the causes and processes of aeolian desertification in Gonghe basin of Qinghai Province

and to provide scientific basis for controlling the ecological environment.[Methods] Google Earth and ArcGIS were used to analyze the distribution characteristics of aeolian desertification in different regions. The movement velocity of sand dunes and the velocity reactivation of fossil dunes were monitored by comparing the interpreted remote-sensing images in six periods. The temperature

precipitation

wind speed

and livestock number were analyzed by the SPSS. In addition

the formation process of aeolian desertification was studied according to the field investigation

grain-size test

and analysis of stratigraphy.[Results] The mobile dunes and sand sheets are widely distributed in Gonghe basin of Qinghai Province. There have a large number of aeolian Yardang landforms

and the sandy lands are interlaced with patch and strip. Stratigraphic analysis showed that the surface of fixed dunes is covered by sandy silt with different thickness

and the layer under there is relatively loose sand. The main forms of aeolian desertification are the reactivation of fixed sand dunes

the exposure of fine sands from rivers and lakes

and the reactivation of fixed sand belts and fossil dunes.[Conclusion] Cemented silts layer is a protective shell of the loose sand

and trampling of grazing animals is main reason for the damage of this protective layer. Under trampling of grazing animals damage

sand flow

and gravity erosion

the collapse and destruction of the silts layer lead more loose sand exposed. The circulation of this process made the reactivation of fixed sand dunes and formed the blowouts

which is the main process of aeolian desertification formation and development in the Gonghe Basin of Qinghai Province.

关键词

Keywords

references

杨世琦,高旺盛,隋鹏,等.共和盆地土地沙漠化因素定量研究[J].生态学报,2005,25(12):3181-3187.

张登山.青海共和盆地土地沙漠化影响因子的定量分析[J].中国沙漠,2000,20(1):59-62.

董光荣,高尚玉,金炯,等.青海共和盆地土地沙漠化及其防治[J].中国沙漠,1989(1):64-78.

王圣志.黄沙直逼龙羊峡库区[J].草业科学,2004,21(S):62-65.

董治宝,胡光印,颜长珍,等.江河源区沙漠化[M].北京:科学出版社,2012:139-180.

李森,杨萍,董玉祥,等.西藏土地沙漠化极其防治[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:24-51.

张登山,高尚玉,石蒙沂,等.青海高原土地沙漠化及其防治[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.

董玉祥.青藏高原沙漠化研究的进展与问题[J].中国沙漠,1999,19(3):251-255.

Zhang Geli, Biradar C M, Xiao Xiangming, et al. Exacerbated grassland degradation and desertification in Central Asia during 2000-2014[J]. Ecological Applications, 2018,28(2):442-456.

董光荣,董玉祥,金炯,等.西藏"一江两河"中部流域地区土地沙漠化的成因与发展趋势[J].中国沙漠,1994,14(2):9-17.

张登山.青海共和盆地土地沙漠化影响因子的定量分析[J].中国沙漠,2000,20(1):59-62.

董玉祥.我国半干旱地区现代沙漠化驱动因素的定量辩识[J].中国沙漠,2001,21(4):412-417.

王涛,吴薇,赵哈林,等.科尔沁地区现代沙漠化过程的驱动因素分析[J].中国沙漠,2004,24(5):519-528.

薛娴,王涛,吴薇,等.中国北方农牧交错区沙漠化发展过程及其成因分析[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(3):320-328.

曾永年,冯兆东.黄河源区土地沙漠化成因机制分析[J].自然灾害学报,2009,18(1):45-52.

Ajaj Q M, Pradhan B, Noori A M, et al. Spatial monitoring of desertification extent in Western Iraq using Landsat Images and GIS[J]. Land Degradation & Development, 2017, 28(8):2418-2431.

Wang Xunming, Cheng Hong, Li Hui, et al. Key driving forces of desertification in the Mu Us Desert, China[J]. Scientific Reports, 2017,7(1):3933.

Zhao Heng, Zhao Ying, Gao Guiying, et al. China's desertification deconstructed:Towards a scientists' model based on long-term perceptions of grassland restoration(1995-2011)[J]. Restoration Ecology, 2017,26(51):526-536.

Sastry G S, Raj K G, Paul M A, et al. Desertification vulnerability assessment model for a resource rich region:A case study of Bellary District, Karnataka, India[J]. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 2017,45(5):859-871.

董光荣,高尚玉,金炯,等.青海共和盆地土地沙漠化与防治途径[M].北京:科学出版社,1993.

程波,陈发虎,张家武.共和盆地末次冰消期以来的植被和环境演变[J].地理学报,2010,65(11):1336-1344.

陈发虎,张家武,程波,等.青海共和盆地达连海晚第四纪高湖面与末次冰消期以来的环境变化[J].第四纪研究,2012,32(1):122-131.

Qiang Mingrui, Chen Fahu, Song Lei, et al. Late Quaternary aeolian activity in Gonghe basin, Northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China[J]. Quaternary Research, 2013,79(3):403-412.

刘冰,靳鹤龄,孙忠,等.全新世共和盆地沙地时空演化及其驱动机制[J].中国沙漠,2014,34(4):982-991.

Yassoglou N, Tsadilas C, Kosmas C. Land Degradation and Desertification[M]//The Soils of Greece. Springer, Cham, 2017:87-96.

Cui Jianxin, Chang Hong, Cheng Kaiyue, et al. Climate change, desertification, and societal responses along the Mu Us Desert Margin during the Ming Dynasty[J]. Weather, Climate & Society, 2017,9(1):81-94.

封建民, 李晓华. 近15年来共和盆地土地沙质荒漠化动态变化及原因分析[J]. 水土保持研究,2010,17(5):129-133.

王涛. 中国北方沙漠与沙漠化图集[M].北京:科学出版社,2014:142-145.

Folk R L, Ward W C. Brazos river bar:a study in the signification of grain size parameters[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 1957,27(1):3-26.

孙延贵, 方洪宾, 张琨, 等. 共和盆地层状地貌系统与青藏高原隆升及黄河发育[J]. 中国地质, 2007, 34(6):1141-1147.

汪晓英,李成梅,孔祥萍.气象部门监测:海南共和盆地塔拉台沙丘移动速度加快[EB/OL].[2011-06-13] (2017-05-05). http://www.weather.com.cn/qinghai/tqzx/06/1361953.shtml.

马玉凤,严平,张登山.基于GIS的青海共和盆地风水交互侵蚀格局初析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(1):151-156.

石蒙沂,郭利学,杨红文,等.青海共和盆地英得海、更尕海、达连海干涸趋势的探讨[J].中国沙漠,1990,10(4):51-55.

李森,颜长珍,宋翔,等.近30年龙羊峡水库周边地区沙漠化遥感监测[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(4):836-841.

杜军,周刊社,袁雷,等.1961-2010年藏北牧草生长季极端气温的变化特征[J].草业科学,2014,31(11):2026-2033.

卓嘎,杨秀海,罗文红.西藏那曲地区气候变化与牧业生产的关系[J].资源科学,2009,31(3):485-492.

Views

1262

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Land cover information extraction and driving mechanism of spatiotemporal evolution in Beibu Gulf coastal area——Taking Qinzhou City of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region as an example

Evaluation and Driving Mechanism of Land Degradation in a Sloping Field of Purple Soil in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

Driving Mechanisms of Ecological Footprint Based on STIRPAT Model

Driving Mechanism of Cultivated Land Resources and Its Effects on Yield of Major Grain Producting Area in Northeast China

Land Use Change and Driving Mechanism in Rapid Urbanization Region-A Case Study at Chaohu River Basin

Related Author

Xu Binbin

Liao Chaoming

Shi Chunrou

Wei Yuanyuan

Gu Guanhai

Yun Ziheng

Zeng Shunqi

Qin Yuanli

Related Institution

School of Public Administration， Guangxi University

Guangxi Remote Sensing Spatial Information Technology Co.， Ltd.

Guangxi Forestry;Research Institute

Guangxi Transport Vocational And Technical College

School of Natural Resources and Surveying and Mapping， Nanning Normal University

⁰