Characteristics of Precipitation and Sediment Effect in Wujiang River Basin During 1956-2014

WU Yuqin; HE Tairong; ZHONG Boxing

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.01.001

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Characteristics of Precipitation and Sediment Effect in Wujiang River Basin During 1956-2014

- Characteristics of Precipitation and Sediment Effect in Wujiang River Basin During 1956-2014
- Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation Vol. 38, Issue 1, Pages: 1-7(2018)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院,重庆,401331
  2. 三峡库区地表过程与环境遥感重庆市重点实验室,重庆,401331
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.01.001
  CLC：
- Published：2018
- 稿件说明：
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WU Yuqin, HE Tairong, ZHONG Boxing. Characteristics of Precipitation and Sediment Effect in Wujiang River Basin During 1956-2014[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2018, 38(1): 1-7.
DOI：

WU Yuqin, HE Tairong, ZHONG Boxing. Characteristics of Precipitation and Sediment Effect in Wujiang River Basin During 1956-2014[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2018, 38(1): 1-7. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.01.001.

摘要

[目的]研究乌江流域的降雨特征及输沙效应，为流域水土保持、生态恢复、防灾减灾、水资源合理利用等提供重要理论参考。[方法]采用累积距平法、双累积曲线法分析了乌江流域年际、年代、汛期降雨特征，以及降雨侵蚀力和人类活动对流域输沙效应的影响。[结果]①1956-2014年，乌江流域年降雨量和年侵蚀性降雨量均呈现出波动下降趋势。研究时段内大致经历了少雨-多雨-少雨-多雨-少雨5个年际变化阶段。②乌江流域在1970-1979，1990-1999年为多雨时期，流域内59 a中约有32.57%的降雨为侵蚀性降雨，且多发生于1960-1979年。③乌江流域汛期降雨以侵蚀性降雨为主，侵蚀性降雨主要发生在6月。④通过建立乌江流域年输沙量和年降雨侵蚀力双累积曲线方程，计算得出1984-1989，1990-1999和2000-2013年降雨侵蚀力的贡献率分别为15.55%，2.84%和12.46%；1990-1999年降雨侵蚀力对输沙变化的影响程度最低。[结论]乌江流域的降雨侵蚀产沙更多地发生在汛期，1983年后人类活动对输沙量的影响占据主导地位。

Abstract

[Objective] The characteristics of precipitation and its sediment effect in Wujiang river basin was investigated

in order to provide theoretical reference for soil and water conservation

ecological restoration

disaster prevention and mitigation

and the rational use of water resources.[Methods] The accumulative anomaly curve methods and double-mass curve were used to analyze rainfall characteristics in interannual

chronological and flood seasons

and to analyze the contribution rate of rainfall erosivity and human activities sediment effect.[Results] ① From 1956 to 2014

the annual precipitation and annual erosive precipitation showed a decreasing trend

and the annual precipitation experienced five wet-dry-alternate periods. ② Rainfall occurred mostly in 1970s and 1990s

and about 32.57% of the precipitation caused soil erosion in the basin during the past 59 years. Erosive precipitation occurred mostly in 1960-1979. ③ The precipitation in flood season was mainly erosive precipitation

and the erosive precipitation mainly occurred in June. ④ According to the double mass curve equation

the contribution of precipitation erosivity to river sediment discharge in the last 6 years of 1980s

1990s and the first 14 years of the 21st century was 15.55%

2.84% and 12.46%

respectively.[Conclusion] The rainfall erosion and sediment yield in Wujiang river basin occurred more in flood season. After 1983

the variation of sediment discharge was mainly influenced by human activities.

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